Been a bit too long since I've posted here. Yes, I'm still working on Koiné Greek. (I kind of have to, with my class and all
)
Levike wrote:księżycowy wrote:ὁ λόγος ἀγαθός - the word [is] good
Was it a tendency to forget about "is" or was this only a very occasional thing?
I don't know of the frequency of either construction (with and without εἰμί), but both can be found. Sorry to take so long to answer your question.
Since I've last posted we've covered quite a bit of ground in class: the present active indicative of verbs, present middle/passive indicative of verbs, third declension of nouns, and the personal pronouns.
Verbs:They are largely regular from the three forms I've learned so far. The main things that are unique are the contract verbs (which usually have a circumflex accent on the last syllable in addition to the vowel shifts) and the verbs that are present middle indicative (which function as present active indicative verbs).
So, for example:
λύω - I loosen, untie (present active indicative)
λύεις - you loosen, untie
λύομαι I am being loosened, untied (present passive indicative)
-but-
ἔρχομαι - I come, go (present middle indicative) [not passive]
αγαπῶ - I love (present active indicative, contract verb)
αγαπᾷς - you love
αγαπῶμαι - I am being loved (present passive indicative, contract verb)
[The contract verb is an alpha stem, αγαπα-, lexical form = αγαπάω]
Third Declension Nouns:Two things of note are the dropping of some ending consonants and the morphing of other consonants. Other then that, it's just another set of endings to learn.
Tau stems drop the tau when it is at the end of the noun.
For example:
ὄνομα - name (nom. sing., stem = ὄνοματ-)
ὀνόματος - name (gen. sing.)
Nu stems drop the nu when it preceeds a sigma:
τίς - who (nom. sing.; stem = τίν-)
τίνος - who (gen. sing.)
Certain sounds combine together and morph into another Greek letter:
π + σ | ψ |
β + σ | ψ |
φ + σ | ψ |
κ + σ | ξ |
γ + σ | ξ |
χ + σ | ξ |
As exemplified in:
σάρξ - flesh (nom. sing.; stem = σαρκ-)
σαρκός - flesh (gen. sing.)
Personal Pronouns:I'm only going over the 1
st and 2
nd person pronouns for now.
Nothing major to report, aside from the curious change in form between the singular and plural forms.
ἐγώ - I (nom. sing.)
ἡμεῖς - we (nom. pl.)
σύ - you (nom. sing.)
ὑμεῖς - you (nom. pl.)
And the curious change from gamma to mu in the first person singular forms.
ἐγώ - nom.
μου (ἐμοῦ) - gen.
μοι (ἐμοί) - dat.
με (ἐμέ) - acc.
(The forms with the accents and epsilon beginning are emphatic forms)
More to come.