Hungarian words in other languages:

Levike · Postby **Levike** » 2013-04-27, 20:41

Languages interact and interchange vocabulary and also grammar features.
Words that were originally Hungarian but entered other languages:

-"KOCSI" became the Spanish word "coche" (car)

-"GONDOLNI" also became the Romanian "a gândi" replacing the original word "a cugeta" (to think)

Do you know other words???
How did Hungarian affect other languages???

MillMaths · Postby **MillMaths** » 2013-04-28, 14:55

biro – from the name of the inventor, László József Bíró

goulash – from gulyás

Levo · Postby **Levo** » 2013-04-30, 12:12

Sargarepa in Serbian for carrot. From Hungarian sárgarépa.

Levo · Postby **Levo** » 2013-04-30, 12:17

By the way, what about Hungarian grammar in other languages?

That is something I don't know about.

We know about a lot of German, Slavic, Turkish grammar elements in our language.
(-j as the suffix for the imperative, from Slavic languages; verbal prefixes from German, etc...)

What about our grammatical elements in other languages?

Varislintu · Postby **Varislintu** » 2013-05-03, 9:14

Levente.Maier wrote:Languages interact and interchange vocabulary and also grammar features.
Words that were originally Hungarian but entered other languages:

-"KOCSI" became the Spanish word "coche" (car)

It really went that way around? I just assumed it was somehow related to the English word "coach", through some or other language. Did English "coach" somehow come from Hungarian? :hmm:

MillMaths · Postby **MillMaths** » 2013-05-03, 12:32

Varislintu wrote:Did English "coach" somehow come from Hungarian?

Yes. Coaches were first made in the Hungarian village of Kocs.

Varislintu · Postby **Varislintu** » 2013-05-03, 13:14

Nehushtan wrote:
Varislintu wrote:Did English "coach" somehow come from Hungarian?
Yes. Coaches were first made in the Hungarian village of Kocs.

Cool!

Postby **Luís** » 2013-05-03, 13:51

We have the word "coche" in Portuguese as well, though it means "carriage" and not "car" as in Spanish. I just checked my dictionary and it does indeed say the word comes from Hungarian, I had no idea!

It seems we borrowed it from French, which in turn borrowed it from German, which in turn borrowed it from Hungarian...

Website · Postby **gothwolf** » 2013-05-03, 20:59

I think the Romanian word for city (oraș) came from the Hungarian varos.
And maybe the verb a hotărî (to deside) derives from határozik.

Postby **Johanna** » 2013-05-03, 21:06

I found a short list of Hungarian loans in Swedish, but I can't confirm it. And I'm not sure they're directly from Hungarian either.

hejduk
husar
sabel

Website · Postby **gothwolf** » 2013-05-03, 21:19

Johanna wrote:I found a short list of Hungarian loans in Swedish, but I can't confirm it. And I'm not sure they're directly from Hungarian either.

hejduk
husar
sabel

Hejduk could have been borrowed from anyone of the Balkan language as well. It's like a regional word with unclear origin.
But husar is a Hungarian loan word for sure.

Levo · Postby **Levo** » 2013-05-08, 11:48

Johanna wrote:I found a short list of Hungarian loans in Swedish, but I can't confirm it. And I'm not sure they're directly from Hungarian either.

hejduk
husar
sabel

Huszár = Horseman (soldier)
Sabel = szablya, which came from Turkish to Hungarian
Hejduk from Hajdú?

I know that Swedish tjej and Hungarian csaj comes from the same root: from Romani, both meaning: girl.

chung · Postby **chung** » 2013-05-09, 18:27

There are some Hungarian words for ordinary items or concepts in Slovak which I've noticed sometimes elude some Czechs who typically think of Slovak as even closer to Czech than it actually is.

- bosorka (< boszorka / boszorkány) "witch" (compare Czech čarodějnice and Slovak synonym čarodejnica)
- jarok (< árok) "ditch" (compare Czech příkop)
- korčuľovať (sa) (< korcsolyázni) "to skate" (compare Czech bruslit)
- langoš (< lángos) "(pastry made of fried dough)" (compare Czech langoš)
- salaš (< szállás "accommodation") "(a type of shelter for sheep or shepherds); small inn that serves basic Slovak cuisine") (never heard of this word used by Czechs and am unsure if the concept exists in the Czech lexicon)
- ťava (< teve) "camel" (compare Czech velbloud)

If anyone else is interested, an Italian linguist who specializes in language contact in the Balkans and Danubian Basin has posted his book in three parts listing examples of Hungarian loanwords in Slovak. As far as I can tell, many of the Hungarian loanwords in Slovak are restricted to dialectal or non-standard contexts, with relatively few such words being accepted or used in Standard Slovak. Nonetheless they're still interesting to look up.

When it comes to Hungarian influence on the morphology or phonology of other languages, there doesn't seem to be that much out there publicly. The only thing even remotely related to the subject that I could find publicly is this article in Hungarian about the morphological adapation of Hungarian loanwords in Rusyn. Its examples show how Hungarian words were made to conform to established Slavonic means of derivation (e.g. beteg ~ бетежный (basically the ending -(н)ый is a recognizable marker for adjectives in Slavonic languages, and the ending has triggered a palatalization of the source language's g to ž (ж) cf. Polish biegać "to run" ~ bieżący "current" - change of g to ż caused by different derivational endings)

Levo · Postby **Levo** » 2013-05-11, 2:46

It's very interesting.
Thank you Chung!

miae · Postby **miae** » 2013-06-27, 14:36

We have a dialect called prekmurščina that uses much more Hungarian words than I added below. If you speak Slovenian, you can check some of those words here. Majority claims that this dialect is like Hungarian. It's not though, but it is very hard to understand. I come from a town about 40 km from where Prekmurje starts and I often struggle to understand it.

[flag]sl[/flag] Slovenian	[flag]hu[/flag] Hungarian	[flag]en[/flag] English
bači*	bácsi	uncle
bauta/baota*	bolt	shop/store
banda	banda	gang or a music group
biro	Bíró	office
bunda	bunda	jacket
cipela**	cipellõ	shoe
beteg/betek/betežen	beteg	sick
buzi***	buzi	homosexual
čardaš	csárdás	csárdás
čipka**	csipke	vail
dödöli*	dödölle	type of food
drot***	drót	wire
falat/falajček*	falat	a piece
fučkati	fütyül	to whisle
hajduk**	hajdúk	hajduk
golaž/gulaš	gulyás	goulash
gazda**	gazda	master
hasek	haszon	benefit
hasniti	használ	to benefit
palinka	pálinka	pálinka
penez/pejnez*	pénz	money
rejtaš*	rét(eg)	type of food
sablja	szablya	sabre
soba**	szoba	room
šetal*	sétál	walk
varoš/varaš*	város	town
zokni***	zokni	socks