millenia wrote:
40,000 BC there are already mamoth hunting camps near the arctic circle.
40,000 BC to 30, 000 BC the so called Seletian stone tools are found with indications that there was some crossmixing of Neanderthal and Homosapien technology. Especially since there were camps close to each other. This is later is found in the Americas.
Inuit called Thule or Dorset. Dorset oldest than Thule then Modern Inuit
Dorset used hunting mammoth too. We call mammoth is 'Kiligvak' and 'Kilivvak/Kiliffak'
Uralic ñele =arrow
Ostjak=nol, not=arrow
Hungarian=nyil=arrow
Sumerian *ŋil > gil-ak=arrow (ak=formative)
Wintu=not=arrow
Proto-Eskimo: nangquq 'arrow'
Yupik: nangquq/nanquq 'arrow/arrowhead'
Inuit: natquq/naqquq' 'arrow/arrowhead'
Sumerian =bad =to open, let out (d=th)
Vogul=pes=entrance
Wintu=pes=entrance
Aleut: haxsil 'to open'
inuit: iqpaq- 'to open'
Uralic =*pola=roundish berry
Hungarian=bogyó=berries ( *l’ or j or ch or ñc’ can become >gy),
Hungarian= pálya=circular track for racing)
Vogul=pil=berries
Miwok=piila=toyon beries
Yupik/Inuit: paunraq (paurn(g)aq) 'berry'
Uralic= *tare-*ke =crane (ke(s) =bird in UA.
Ostjak=tora=crane
Hungarian =daru=crane
Wintu=tore =crane
Turkish: turna
Japanese: tsuru (turu in Old japanese)
Korean: turumi
Proto-Eskimo: *tatirŋaq
Yupik: tatelkaq/satelkaq
Inuit: tatijgaq/tatiggaq
Finnish=aime=needle with triangular point
Lapp =aime=needle with triangular point
Samoyed S.=ime=needle
Cheremis=ime=needle with triangular point
Nisenan=ym=needle like, awl, harpoon head
Yupik: mingqun 'needle'
Inuit: mitqut/miqqut 'needle'
Uralic *pentele =roof
Hungarian =fed-él=cover, roof; fel=up
Vogul=panti=roof "kwel panti"
Wintu=panti=roof
Aleut: kangaa 'roof/ceiling'
Yupik/Inuit: Qilak 'roof/ceiling'
? lost link
Miwok=poke=bird nest
Inuit: piki- 'to rise from nest and fly off'
Estonian=pahk=lum, node, protruderance, knot of tree
Kamasian=patka=gnarl, knot of a birch tree
Finnish=pohko=ball
Nisenan=posko=football, oak gall
Inuit: muqpaq 'ball, round'
FinnUgor= *kala =fish (with long a)
Sumerian = ku-a or ha_ =fish
Hungarian =hal=fish
Finnish =kala =fish
Vogul=hul=fish
Maidu=hol=fish
Wintu=hul hur=salmon
Saam (Lapp): guolle -l- (N), kuollē (L), kī̊ille (T), kũill (Kld.), kuoill (Not.)
Mordovian: kal (E M)
Mari (Cheremis): kol (KB U B)
Khanty (Ostyak): kul (V), ẋut́ (DN), ẋul (O)
Mansi (Vogul): kōl (TJ), ẋūl (KU So.), kul (P)
Hungarian: hal
Nenets (Yurak): ẋaaĺe (O), kaaŕe (Nj.)
Enets (Yen): kade, kare (Ch.), kare (K B)
Nganasan (Tawgi): kole, kuale, kuǝlle
Selkup: ke̮l, qe̮l (TaM), ke̮l, qe̮li (Ty.), k↔<uel (Ke.), qē̮li̮ (Tur.)
Kamass: kola
Janhunen's version: (8) *kala
Sammalahti's version: *kala
Turkish: balik
Mongolian: ǯiɣasu(n) (Jigasun)
Tungus: ollo
Korean: eoryo/kogi
Japanese: karai 'plaice'/ikeuo 'live fish'
Austronesian: isda
Polynesian: ika
Tlingit:
xáat
Haida: chiin
Aleut: qax
Yupik/Inuit: iqaluk
-ihaluk (for young people who cant say 'Q' they would say 'h' instead of q)
-iraluk (Seward Inupiaq/East Greenlandic)
-qaluk (Uummarmiutun inupiaq)
-eqaluk (Kalaallisut)
Athapaskan: łuε
Navajo: łóó'
Aymara: challwa
FinnUgor=*kol'me=ashes (?heat)
Hungarian =hamu=ashes; heves=hot. (m~v)
Ob-Ugrian=kul-em=ashes (also used for tatooing)
Mordvin=kulu=ashes
Sumerian = kum=hot
Miwok=kula=black paint, ashes, soot
Miwok Sierra=kulya=sugar pine nuts burned black
Aleut: akina- 'to heat/weather hot/hot'
Yupik: uunqu/uungqu- 'to heat/weather hot/hot'
Inuit: uqquu 'to heat/weather hot/hot'
FinnUgor = *kil’a =place, town
Finnish=kyla=town,village
Hungarian =hely=place, town
Vogul=kwel=permanent buildings,house
Nomlaki=kewel=house
Patwin Ugor=kwel=house
Wintu=kewel=house
Aleut: ulax - house
Yupik: englu - house
Inuit: iglu/illu - house
Samoyed=*cici=cold (c=ts)
Yokutsan=cici-k=cold
Ostyak =iski, itki=cold
Maidu=itik=cold
Samoyed =tici=cold
Lake Miwok=tiis=cold
cici? it is 'chichi' and xixi in Nenets anyway
Inuit: ikkii 'cold'
Vogul=kontel=beaver (also Turkish)
Hungarian=hód=beaver (nt or mt > d)
Wintu=kutul=beaver
Aleut: chngax 'otter'
Yupik: kekiarnaq 'beaver/otter'
Inuit:kivgaluk/kiggaluk 'muskrat'
Inuit: kigiaq 'beaver' (meaning 'start/begin about to bite')
FinnUgor = *ashe =to settle down for the night;
Samoyed=n-issi=temporary settlements,rest
Old Hungarian = szál-ó =settle for the night, pitch a camp >>> hotel ;
Sumerian zal-am=tent
Vogul=sose=living,being at,etc.
Vogul=issi=to settle down and rest
Wintu=sus=living at
Mudtsun=sasa=to discover ?
Maidu=is=to sit down
Mutsun=isi-we=to rest
Japanese: isu 'sit/sit down'
Inuit: iksia(vak)/issi(vak): sit/sit down'
Vogul=lak=goose
Penutian=lak=goose
Aleut: laglax 'canadian goose'
Yupik/Inuit: lirliq (nirliq): 'canadian goose'
FinnUgor *kojme =man/male (also Altaic kum)
Hungarian him=male person.
Sumerian gu= warrior ?
Miwok=ko=people
Yupik/Inuit: angun/angut: man/male
Samoyed=nomeh=rabbit
FinnUgor =numel =rabit
Hungarian =*nyov-ul > nyúl =rabbit.
Miwok=nomeh=cottontail rabbit
Its nomex/nomeq (Russian cyllric using -h)
Ostyak=uskan=rabbit
Maidu=oske=jack rabit
Japanese: usagi 'rabbit'
Aleut: uskaanax 'rabbit/hare'
Yupik/Inuit: Ukaleq/Ukaliq 'rabbit/hare'
Samoyed=sede=god's fox
Wintu=sede=dog,fox or coyote
Inuit: suinni 'smell of fox' / sinna 'Sea of the goddess'
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