thanks to alijsh for the links to iranian sites about azeri, which i am copying from the other thread in the turkish forum:
http://www.sharemation.com/gajil11/dastoor-e-zaban.pdf
http://gayagizi3.blogfa.com/
http://sozluk.blogfa.com/
http://www.gajil.20m.com/maktab.htm
i also found this short grammar outline:
http://www.azatyurt.com/Azerbaijan%20Turkish.pdf
it's in azeri but i'm linking it anyway, in case it may be useful to someone. (if anyone needs any explanations or translations...i'll see what i can do.)
here is something about the azeri arabic standard:
http://www.azeri.org/Azeri/az_arabic/az ... andard.pdf
unfortunately it's all in azeri but there are enough examples there to see how it works.
as i mentioned in the other thread it does not follow the rules of ottoman turkish and thus gives a much more phonetic representation of the language.
Lesson 4
The genitive pronouns are as follows:
Mənim, sənin, onun, bizim, sizin, onların.
for the 1st person the ending is -im, for everything else it's -in.
the possessive suffixes are as follows
mənim -(ı)m my
sənin -(ı)n your
onun -(s)ı his/her/its
bizim -(ı)mız our
sizin -(ı)nız your
onların -(s)ı/ları their
these are all four-way harmonizing suffixes.
for the third person plural there are two possibilities; -(s)ı is used if the possessed noun is singular, -ları if it's plural:
onların it-i their dog
onların it-ləri their dogs
likewise, if the possessed noun with other pronouns is also plural it takes the plural suffix:
bizim itlərimiz - our dogs
the letters in brackets are variations used depending on whether the word ends in a consonant or a vowel. to illustrate, we'll use the consonant-final kitab ("book") and vowel-final meyvə ("fruit"):
mənim kitab-ım my book
sənin kitab-ın your book, etc.
onun kitab-ı
bizim kitab-ımız
sizin kitab-ınız
onların kitab-ı
mənim meyvə-m my fruit...
sənin meyvə-n
onun meyvə-si
bizim meyvə-miz
sizin meyvə-niz
onların meyvə-si
so as you can see, consonant-final words require a vowel-initial suffix, and vice-versa.
the full pronouns are of course optional and used mainly for emphasis.
the genitive of regular nouns is formed with the suffix -(n)ın; -nın after vowels, -ın after consonants. the possessed noun likewise takes the 3rd person possessive suffix:
adam-ın ev-i the man's house
ana-nın bağça-sı the mother's garden
this suffix can also be added to possessive suffixes:
ana-m-ın bağça-sı my mother's garden
or the plural ending:
adam-lar-ın mənzil-i the men's apartment
one exception: su ("water"), which has the buffer consonant -y- instead of -n-:
suyun dadı the taste of water ("water's taste")
to express possession ("i have x") the construction is noun+possessive suffix + var.
kitabım var i have a book (or the book) (lit. "my book is/exists")
böyük itin var you have a large dog
to do the same in the negative ("i don't have x") var is replaced by yoxdur (note: unlike turkish the -dur is necessary, in azeri "yox" alone means "no")
mənim itim yoxdur i don't have a dog ("my dog isn't")
sənin evin yoxdur(mu)? don't you have a house?
there's another, simpler possessive construction using the locative ending -da:
pul məndədir i have the money ("the money is on me")
to be continued...