Votic / Votian

Linguaphile
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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-12, 1:23

Translating sentences from Vaďďa lukõmikko-päivezikko to Estonian and English (continued).

(vot) Miä paan tširja lavvõ päälle.
(et) Ma panen kirja laua peale.
(en) I put the letter on the table.

(vot) Tširjõ on lavvõ pääll.
(et) Kirja on laua peal.
(en) The letter is on the table.

(vot) Siä võtad tširja lavvõ päälte.
(et) Sa võtad kirja laua pealt.
(en) You take the letter off the table.

(vot) Katti meeb lavvõ nallõ.
(et) Kass läheb laua alla.
(en) The cat goes under the table.

(vot) Katti on lavvõ nall.
(et) Kass on laua all.
(en) The cat is under the table.

(vot) Katti toob lavvõ naltõ.
(et) Kass tuleb laua alt.
(en) The cat comes out from under the table.

(vot) Too kotto!
(et) Tule kodu!
(en) Come home!

(vot) Too praaznikõllõ!
(et) Tule pidupäevale!
(en) Come to the celebration!

(vot) Mee akkunõllõ!
(et) Mine välja!
(en) Go outside!

(vot) Mitä teed akkunõll?
(et) Mida teed väljas?
(en) What are you doing outside?

(vot) Too akkunõltõ koo süäme!
(et) Tule väljastpoolt majja sisse!
(en) Come into the house from outside!

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-12, 23:13

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja
Votic followed by English translation (Estonian translation in parenthesis)

(vot) Esimein õppikappalõ. Arjotuz.
(en) Lesson 1. Exercise.
(et) (Esimene õppetükk. Harjutus.)

(vot) Lukõga sõnad!
(en) Read the words!
(et) (Lugege sõnad!)

aapa aspen (haab)
avata to open (avada)
bruuda pond (tiik) [from Russian пруд]
frovva miss (proua)
juvva to drink (juua)
koto home (kodu)
maa land (maa)
murtua to break (murduda)
urpa catkin (urb)
ammaz tooth (hammas)
baabukaz raspberry (vaarikas)
doro acorn (tõru)
gaada snake (madu) [from Russian гад]
katto roof (katus)
kuz? where? (kus?)
maamuna potato (kartul)
orko valley (org)
varvaz toe (varvas)

(vot) Tõin õppikappalõ. Arjotuz.
(en) Lesson 2. Exercise.
(et) (Teine õppetükk. Harjutus.)

aili Baltic herring (räim)
eb õõ is not (ei ole)
elo life (elu)
enneglee day before yesterday (üleeile)
haamolain devil (kurat, vanapagan)
ilozuz beauty (ilu)
irmuta to be afraid (karta)
kahnugoitta, kahmata to freeze (kahutada)
kahõd two (kahed)
lõpõtta to finish (lõpetada)
pankõ (paŋkõ) bucket (pang, ämber)
rõnka (rõŋka) ring (rõngas)

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-13, 13:26

Vowel harmony in Votic:

Front vowelsBack vowelsNeutral
ä e ö üa õ o ui


Examples:
  • tšüsümüᴢ = question (all vowels are the back vowel ü; compare the Estonian cognate küsimus, which does not have vowel harmony)
  • tütär = daughter (presence of ü in the first syllable requires ä rather than a in the second; compare standard Estonian tütar, which does not have vowel harmony)
  • jähee = into the ice (the presence of the front vowel ä in the word jää requires the suffix to be -hee)
  • sohõõ = into the swamp (the presence of the back vowel o in the word soo requires the suffix to be -hõõ)
In compound words, each component of the compound has its own internal vowel harmony which is not affected by the other components, and suffixes take the vowel harmony of the final component:
  • kõlmaspäiv = Wednesday (kõlmas has back vowels, päiv has front vowels)
  • tšüntömaa = plowed field (tšüntö has front vowels, maa has back vowels)
  • kalatšüllää = in the fishing village (kala has back vowels, tšülä has front vowels, suffix takes the front-vowel ending)

Image

:arrow: for comparison
Last edited by Linguaphile on 2019-09-14, 18:48, edited 2 times in total.

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-14, 1:32

(vot) Kõlmõz õppikappalõ. Arjotuz.
(en) Lesson 3. Exercise.
(et) (Kolmas õppetükk. Harjutus.)

audžid (autšid) pike (haug)
lühüd short (lühike)
mettsä forest (mets)
müvvä to sell (müüa)
pittšä long (pikk)
pää head (pea)
süvvä to eat (süüa)
staruha old woman (vanaeit) [from Russian старуха]
širisä to chirp (siristama)
tüttö girl (tüdruk)
tšävvä to go (käia, minna)
tšülä village (küla)
ženiha bridegroom (peigmees) [from Russian жених]
üü night (öö)

(vot) Nelläz õppikappalõ. Arjotuz.
(en) Lesson 4. Exercise.
(et) (Neljas õppetükk. Harjutus.)

fśoravnoo still, however, anyway (siiski, ikkagi, ükskõik) [from Russian всё равно]
okťaabri October (oktoober) [from Russian октябрь]
guľu pigeon, dove (tuvi) [from Russian голубь]
ŕumka wine glass (viinaklaas) [from Russian рюмка]
haŕokka ferret (tuhkur) [from Russian хорёк]
sättiütä to get oneself ready, prepare (ennast korda seada, sättida, valmistuda)
hoť at least; even though (vähemalt, kuigi) [from Russian хотя]
süämmez inside (sees) [inessive case of ‘süä’ “heart”; lit. “in the heart of”)
iľľaa late (hilja)
vaďďa Votic (vadja)
kahśtšümmentä twenty (kakskümmend)
äďďä father-in-law (äi)
ńako (näko) face (nägu)
õźźa equisetum, horsetail plant (osi)

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-14, 12:43

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Viďďez õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 5
(et) (Viies õppetükk)

Genitive case is used:
  • for ownership: izä koto father’s house (isa kodu)
  • for abstract possession (written as a single word): izämaa fatherland (isamaa)
  • for the singular object of a completed action in past or future tense: miä tein koo I built a house (ma ehitasin maja)
Partitive case is used:
  • for part of a whole: pala leipää a piece of bread (pala leiba)
  • partitive singular with numerals: viiz inemissä fve people (viis inimest)
  • with the negative forms of verbs: eb õõ leipää there isn’t any bread (ei ole leiba)
  • partitive plural with the words paľľo (“many”) and vähää (“few”): paľľo inemiziit many people (palju inimest)
  • for the object of an incomplete action: tämä teeb kotoa he is building a house (ta ehitab maja)
  • with comparative adjectives: vanapi velleä older brother (vanem vend)
  • with the verbs tšüsüä (“ask”), tahtua (“want”), and suvata (“love”): tšüsü vettä he asked for water (küsis vett)
  • in certain phrases: Lezzell õli itšävä meessä the widow longed for her husband (lesk igatses oma mehe järele)

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-15, 15:49

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Kuuvõz õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 6
(et) Kuues õppetükk

(vot) Tämä poika
(en) His/her son
(et) Tema poeg

(vot) Tejje poika
(en) Your son
(et) Teie poeg

(vot) Minu lauta
(en) My table
(et) Minu laud

(vot) Näjje lauta
(en) Their table
(et) Nende laud

(vot) Tšenen õma on kase lauta?
(en) Whose table is this?
(et) Kelle oma on see laud?

(vot) Kase on minun õma.
(en) It is mine.
(et) See on minu oma.

(vot) Kase on sinun õma.
(en) It is yours.
(et) See on sinu oma.

(vot) Kase on tämä õma.
(en) It is his/hers.
(et) See on tema oma.

(vot) Kase on mejje õma.
(en) It is ours.
(et) See on meie oma.

(vot) Kase on tejje õma.
(en) It is yours.
(et) See on teie oma.

(vot) Kase on näjje õma.
(en) It is theirs.
(et) See on nende oma.



(vot) Seittsemez õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 7
(et) (Seitsmes õppetükk)

I taivutuz first declension
Monosyllabic words with a long vowel or diphthong.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: long vowel or diphthong
  • Genitive singular: same as nominative
  • Partitive singular: genitive + -t
  • Illative singular: genitive + -hee, -hõõ, or -haa (vowel harmony if -hee/-hõõ)
  • Inessive singular: genitive + -z
  • Elative singular: genitive + -ss
  • Nominative plural: genitive + -d
  • Genitive plural: shortened genitive (first vowel only) -ďďe
  • Partitive plural: shortened genitive + -it
  • Illative plural: shortened genitive + -ise or -isõ (vowel harmony)
  • Inessive plural: shortened genitive + -iz
  • Elative plural: shortened genitive + -iss

Example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.
    jää (nominative singular) the ice (jää)
    jää (genitive singular) of the ice (jää)
    jäät (partitive singular) some of the ice (jääd)
    jähee (illative singular) into the ice (jäässe)
    jääz (inessive singular) in the ice (jääs)
    jääss (elative singular) from the ice (jääst)
    jääd (nominative plural) the ices (jääd)
    jääďďe (genitive plural) of the ices (jääde)
    jäit (partitive plural) some ices (jääsid)
    jäise (illative plural) into the ices (jäädesse)
    jäiz (inessive plural) in the ices (jäädes)
    jäiss (elative plural) from the ices (jäädest)

Linguaphile
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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-16, 13:38

(vot) Seittsemez õppikappalõ. Arjotuz.
(en) Lesson 7. Exercise.
(et) (Seitsmes õppetükk. Harjutus.)

I taivutuz first declension
Monosyllabic words with a long vowel or diphthong.
More examples, from Exercise 7

Votic English (Estonian)

soo (nominative singular) the swamp (soo)
soo (genitive singular) of the swamp (soo)
soot (partitive singular) some of the swamp (sood)
sohõõ (illative singular) into the swamp (sohu; soosse)
sooz (inessive singular) in the swamp (soos)
sooss (elative singular) from the swamp (soost)
sood (nominative plural) the swamps (sood)
sooďďe (genitive plural) of the swamps (soode)
soit (partitive plural) some swamps (soid, soosid)
soisõ (illative plural) into the swamps (soisse, soodesse)
soiz (inessive plural) in the swamps (sois, soodes)
soiss (elative plural) from the swamps (soist, soodest)

kuu (nominative singular) the moon (kuu)
kuu (genitive singular) of the moon (kuu)
kuut (partitive singular) some of the moon (kuud)
kuhõõ (illative singular) into the moon (kuusse)
kuuz (inessive singular) in the moon (kuus)
kuuss (elative singular) from the moon (kuust)
kuud (nominative plural) the moons (kuud)
kuuďďe (genitive plural) of the moons (kuude)
kuit (partitive plural) some of the moons (kuid, kuusid)
kuisõ (illative plural) into the moons (kuisse, kuudesse)
kuis (inessive plural) in the moons (kuis, kuudes)
kuiss (elative plural) from the moons (kuist, kuudest)

luu (nominative singular) the bone (luu)
luu (genitive singular) of the bone (luu)
luut (partitive singular) some of the bone (luud)
luhõõ (illative singular) into the bone (luusse)
luuz (inessive singular) in the bone (luus)
luuss (elative singular) from the bone (luust)
luud (nominative plural) the bones (luud)
luuďďe (genitive plural) of the bones (luude)
luit (partitive plural) some of the bones (luid, luusid)
luisõ (illative plural) into the bones (luisse, luudesse)
luiz (inessive plural) in the bones (luis, luudes)
luiss (elative plural) from the bones (luist, luudest)

tee (nominative singular) the road (tee)
tee (genitive singular) of the road (tee)
teet (partitive singular) some of the road (teed)
tehee (illative singular) into the road (teesse)
teez (inessive singular) in the road (tees)
teess (elative singular) from the road (teest)
teed (nominative plural) the roads (teed)
teďďe (genitive plural) of the roads (teede)
teit (partitive plural) some of the roads (teid, teesid)
teise (illative plural) into the roads (teisse, tedesse)
teiz (inessive plural) in the roads (teis, teedes)
teiss (elative plural) from the roads (teist, teedest)

täi (nominative singular) the louse (täi)
täi (genitive singular) of the louse (täi)
täit (partitive singular) some of the louse (täid)
täihee (illative singular) into the louse (täisse)
täiz (inessive singular) in the louse (täis)
täiss (elative singular) from the louse (täist)
täid (nominative plural) the lice (täid)
täiďďe (genitive plural) of the lice (täide)
täit (partitive plural) some of the lice (täisid)
täise (illative plural) into the lice (täidesse)
täiz (inessive plural) in the lice (täides)
täiss (elative plural) from the lice (täidest)

Linguaphile
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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-17, 12:54

More examples, from lesson 7 exercises:


maa (nominative singular) the land (maa)
maa (genitive singular) of the land (maa)
maat (partitive singular) some of the land (maad)
mahaa (illative singular) into the land (maasse)
maaz (inessive singular) in the land (maas)
maass (elative singular) from the land (maast)
maad (nominative plural) the lands (maad)
maďďe (genitive plural) of the lands (maade)
mait (partitive plural) some of the lands (maid, maasid)
maisõ (illative plural) into the lands (maisse, maadesse)
maiz (inessive plural) in the lands (mais, maades)
maiss (elative plural) from the lands (maist, maadest)

tüü (nominative singular) the work (töö)
tüü (genitive singular) of the work (töö)
tüüt (partitive singular) some of the work (tööd)
tühee (illative singular) into the work (töösse)
tüüz (inessive singular) in the work (töös)
tüüss (elative singular) from the work (tööst)
tüüd (nominative plural) the work (tööd)
tüďďe (genitive plural) of the work (tööde)
tüit (partitive plural) some of the work (töid, töösid)
tüise (illative plural) into the work (töisse, töödesse)
tüiz (inessive plural) in the work (töis, töödes)
tüiss (elative plural) from the work (töist, töödest)

puu (nominative singular) the tree (puu)
puu (genitive singular) of the tree (puu)
puut (partitive singular) some of the tree (puud)
puhõõ (illative singular) into the tree (puusse)
puuz (inessive singular) in the tree (puus)
puuss (elative singular) from the tree (puust)
puud (nominative plural) the trees (puud)
puďďe (genitive plural) of the trees (puude)
puit (partitive plural) some of the trees (puid, puusid)
puisse (illative plural) into the trees (puisse, puudesse)
puiz (inessive plural) in the trees (puis, puudes)
puiss (elative plural) from the trees (puist, puudest)

või (nominative singular) the butter (või)
või (genitive singular) of the butter (või)
võit (partitive singular) some of the butter (võid)
võihõõ (illative singular) into the butter (võisse)
võiz (inessive singular) in the butter (võis)
võiss (elative singular) from the butter (võist)
võid (nominative plural) the butter (võid)
võďďe (genitive plural) of the butter (võide)
võit (partitive plural) some of the butter (võisid)
võisse (illative plural) into the butter (võidesse)
võiz (inessive plural) in the butter (võides)
võiiss (elative plural) from the butter (võidest)

pää (nominative singular) the head (pea)
pää (genitive singular) of the head (pea)
päät (partitive singular) some of the head (pead)
pähee (illative singular) into the head (pähe, peasse)
pääz (inessive singular) in the head (peas)
pääss (elative singular) from the head (peast)
pääd (nominative plural) the heads (pead)
päďďe (genitive plural) of the heads (peade)
päit (partitive plural) some of the heads (päid)
päise (illative plural) into the heads (päisse, peadesse)
päiz (inessive plural) in the heads (päis, peadesse)
päiss (elative plural) from the heads (päist, peadest)

üü (nominative singular) the night (öö)
üü (genitive singular) of the night (öö)
üüt (partitive singular) some of the night (ööd)
ühee (illative singular) into the night (öhe, öösse)
üüz (inessive singular) in the night (öös)
üüss (elative singular) from the night (ööst)
üüd (nominative plural) the nights (ööd)
üďďe (genitive plural) of the nights (ööde)
üit (partitive plural) some of the nights (öid, öösid)
üise (illative plural) into the nights (öisse, öödesse)
üiz (inessive plural) in the nights (öis, öödes)
üiss (elative plural) from the nights (öist, öödest)
Last edited by Linguaphile on 2019-09-20, 2:23, edited 1 time in total.

Linguaphile
Posts:5358
Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-19, 12:36

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Kahõssamõz õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 8
(et) Kaheksas õppetükk

The allative case is used:
  • to indicate motion to the surface of something: Nõisa katolõ! Climb onto the roof! (Roni katusele!)
  • to indicate a recipient or addressee (English: to him, to her; to X): Anna tälle! Give him! (Anna talle!)
  • in certain expressions: Anna millõ tšävvä! Let me go! (Las mul minna!); Mitä sillõ vajaa? What do you need? (Mida on sul vaja?); Tälle täütti tšümmen vootta She is ten years old. (Ta on kümme aastat vana.)
The allative case is formed:
  • by adding - or -le after a long vowel or an unstressed syllable, according to the rules of vowel harmony
  • by adding -llõ or -lle after a short vowel in a stressed syllable, according to the rules of vowel harmony.


The adessive case is used:
  • to indicate presence on the surface of something: issua katoll He/she sits on the roof (Istub katusel).
  • to identify ownership: Täll on lehmä He has a cow (Tal on lehm).
  • to indicate the time of day or the season: päiväll during the day (päeval); sütšüzell in the autumn (sügusel).
  • in certain expressions: mill piäb I should (mul peab).
When an adjective, pronoun, or numeral is included in a statement of time:
  • the word that follows will be in the partitive rather than adessive case: senell päivää on this day (sel päeväl).
The adessive case is formed:
  • by adding -l after a long vowel and diphthongs
  • by adding -ll after a short vowel

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-19, 12:43

II taivutuz second declension
Words ending in -o; two-syllable words ending in -u, -ü, -õ, or -i.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: strong grade ending in -o, -u, , , or -i.
  • Genitive singular: weak grade, otherwise the same as nominative
  • Partitive singular: nominative + -a
  • Illative singular: nominative + lengthened final vowel
  • Inessive singular: genitive + -z
  • Elative singular: genitive + -ss
  • Allative singular: genitive + -le or -
  • Adessive singular: genitive + -ll
  • Nominative plural: genitive + -d
  • Genitive plural: nominative + -je
  • Partitive plural: nominative + -it
  • Illative plural: nominative + -ise or -isõ (vowel harmony)
  • Inessive plural: nominative + + -iz
  • Elative plural: nominative + -iss
  • Allative plural: nominative + -ile or -ilõ
  • Adessive plural: nominative + -ll

Example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.

    lintu (nominative singular) the bird (lind)
    linnu (genitive singular) of the bird (linnu)
    lintua (partitive singular) some of the bird (lindu)
    lintuu (illative singular) into the bird (lindu, linnusse)
    linnuz (inessive singular) in the bird (linnus)
    linnuss (elative singular) from the bird (linnust)
    linnulõ (allative singular) to the bird (linnule)
    linnull (adessive singular) at the bird (linnul)
    linnud (nominative plural) the birds (linnud)
    lintuje (genitive plural) of the birds (lindude)
    lintuit (partitive plural) some birds (linde, lindusid)
    lintuisõ (illative plural) into the birds (lindudesse)
    lintuiz (inessive plural) in the birds (lindudes)
    lintuiss (elative plural) from the birds (lindudest)
    lintuilõ (allative plural) to the birds (lindudele)
    lintuil (addessive plural) at the birds (lindudel)
Last edited by Linguaphile on 2019-09-20, 2:24, edited 1 time in total.

Linguaphile
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Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-20, 0:25

Animals and birds in Votic:

looma = animal
siplikaz = ant
tiiro = bat
karu = bear
bobra = beaver
tšimo = bee
bukaška = beetle
lintu = bird
mutukaz = bug, tadpole,
lehtilintu, unilintu = butterfly
katti = cat
kana = chicken
lehmä = cow
varõᴢ = crow
tšako = cuckoo
oľeni = deer
koira = dog
sorsa = duck
kotko = eagle
irvi, põdra = elk, moose
kala = fish
tšärpäne = fly
paarmaz = horsefly
repo = fox
konna = frog
kittsi, voho = goat
sirkka, roholintu = grasshopper
anõ = goose
siili = hedgehog
opõnõ = horse
kattipoika, kissapoika = kitten
leppälintu, jumalalehmä = ladybug
kiuru = lark
leeva = lion
süsälikko = lizard
sääski = mosquito
iiri = mouse
üülakko, hüüpiäᴢ = owl
sika = pig
paltalintu, goluba = pigeon, dove
kroolikka = rabbit
kajaga = seagull
lammaz = sheep
mato, gaada = snake, worm
laululintu = songbird
värpo = sparrow
hämöläin = spider
õrava = squirrel
kultanokka = starling
kurtši = stork
pääsko = swallow
luikko = swan
höröläin = wasp
huntti = wolf

:arrow: for comparison
Last edited by Linguaphile on 2019-09-28, 23:53, edited 1 time in total.

Linguaphile
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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-22, 10:22

More from Lesson 8 exercises - second declension:

saatu (nominative singular) the garden (aed)
saau (genitive singular) of the garden (aia)
saatua (partitive singular) some of the garden (aeda)
saatuu (illative singular) into the garden (aeda, aiasse)
saatuz (inessive singular) in the garden (aias)
saauss (elative singular) from the garden (aiast)
saaulõ (allative singular) to the garden (aiale)
saaull (adessive singular) at the garden (aial)
saaud (nominative plural) the gardens (aiad)
saatuje (genitive plural) of the gardens (aiadade)
saatuit (partitive plural) some gardens (aedu, aedasid)
saatuisõ (illative plural) into the gardens (aedadesse)
saatuiz (inessive plural) in the gardens (aedades)
saatuiss (elative plural) from the gardens (aedadest)
saatuilõ (allative plural) to the gardens (aedadele)
saatuil (adessive plural) at the gardens (aedadel)

siili (nominative singular) the hedgehog (siil)
siili (genitive singular) of the hedgehog (siili)
siiliä (partitive singular) some of the hedgehog (siili)
siilii (illative singular) into the hedgehog (siili, siilisse)
siiliz (inessive singular) in the hedgehog (siilis)
siiliss (elative singular) from the hedgehog (siilist)
siilile (allative singular) to the hedgehog (siilile)
siilill (adessive singular) at the hedgehog (siilil)
siilid (nominative plural) the hedgehogs (siilid)
siilije (genitive plural) of the hedgehogs (siilide)
siiliit (partitive plural) some hedgehogs (siile, siilisid)
siiliise (illative plural) into the hedgehogs (siilidesse)
siiliiz (inessive plural) in the hedgehogs (siilides)
siiliiss (elative plural) from the hedgehogs (siilidest)
siiliile (allative plural) to the hedgehogs (siilidele)
siiliil (adessive plural) at the gardens (siilidel)

tšälü (nominative singular) the daughter-in-law (käli)
tšälü (genitive singular) of the daughter-in-law (käli)
tšälüä (partitive singular) some of the daughter-in-law (käli)
tšälüü (illative singular) into the daughter-in-law (kälisse)
tšälüz (inessive singular) in the daughter-in-law (kälis)
tšälüss (elative singular) from the daughter-in-law (kälist)
tšälüle (allative singular) to the daughter-in-law (kälile)
tšälüll (adessive singular) at the daughter-in-law (kälil)
tšälüd (nominative plural) the daughters-in-law (käliid)
tšälüje (genitive plural) of the daughters-in-law (kälide)
tšälüit (partitive plural) some daughters-in-law (kälisid)
tšälüise (illative plural) into the daughters-in-law (kälidesse)
tšälüiz (inessive plural) in the daughters-in-law (kälides)
tšälüiss (elative plural) from the daughters-in-law (kälidest)
tšälüile (allative plural) to the daughters-in-law (kälidele)
tšälüil (adessive plural) at the daughters-in-law (kälidel)

virsi (nominative singular) the verse (värss)
virzi (genitive singular) of the verse (värsi)
virsiä (partitive singular) some of the verse (värssi)
virsii (illative singular) into the verse (värssi, värsisse)
virsiz (inessive singular) in the verse (värsis)
virziss (elative singular) from the verse (värsist)
virzile (allative singular) to the verse (värsile)
virzill (adessive singular) at the verse (värsil)
virzid (nominative plural) the verses (värsid)
virsije (genitive plural) of the verses (värside)
virsiit (partitive plural) some verses (värsse, värssisid)
virsiise (illative plural) into the verses (värssidesse)
virsiiz (inessive plural) in the verses (värssides)
virsiiss (elative plural) from the verses (värssidest)
virsiile (allative plural) to the verses (värsidele)
virsiil (adessive plural) at the verses (värsidel)

võrkko (nominative singular) the network (võrk)
võrko (genitive singular) of the network (võrgu)
võrkkoa (partitive singular) some of the network (võrku)
võrkkoo (illative singular) into the network (võrku, võrgusse)
võrkkoz (inessive singular) in the network (võrgus)
võrkoss (elative singular) from the network (võrgust)
võrkolõ (allative singular) to the network (võrgule)
võrkoll (adessive singular) at the network (võrgul)
võrkod (nominative plural) the networks (võrgud)
võrkkoje (genitive plural) of the networks (võrkude)
võrkkoit (partitive plural) some networks (võrke, võrkusid)
võrkkoisõ (illative plural) into the networks (võrkudesse)
võrkkoiz (inessive plural) in the networks (võrkudes)
võrkkoiss (elative plural) from the networks (võrkudest)
võrkkoilõ (allative plural) to the networks (võrkudele)
võrkkoil (adessive plural) at the networks (võrkudel)

vävü (nominative singular) the son-in-law (väi)
vävü (genitive singular) of the son-in-law (väi)
vävüä (partitive singular) some of the son-in-law (väid)
vävüü (illative singular) into the son-in-law (väisse)
vävüz (inessive singular) in the son-in-law (väis)
vävüss (elative singular) from the son-in-law (väist)
vävüle (allative singular) to the son-in-law (väile)
vävüll (adessive singular) at the son-in-law (väil)
vävüd (nominative plural) the sons-in-law (väid)
vävüje (genitive plural) of the sons-in-law (väide)
vävüit (partitive plural) some sons-in-law (väisid)
vävüise (illative plural) into the sons-in-law (väidesse)
vävüiz (inessive plural) in the sons-in-law (väides)
vävüiss (elative plural) from the sons-in-law (väidest)
vävüile (allative plural) to the sons-in-law (väidele)
vävüil (adessive plural) at the sons-in-law (väidel)

õhtago (nominative singular) the evening (õhtu)
õhtago (genitive singular) of the evening (õhtu)
õhtagoa (partitive singular) some of the evening (õhtut)
õhtagoo (illative singular) into the evening (õhtusse)
õhtagoz (inessive singular) in the evening (õhtus)
õhtagoss (elative singular) from the evening (õhtust)
õhtagole (allative singular) to the evening (õhtule)
õhtagoll (adessive singular) at the evening (õhtul)
õhtagod (nominative plural) the evenings (õhtud)
õhtagoje (genitive plural) of the evenings (õhtute)
õhtagoit (partitive plural) some evenings (õhtuid)
õhtagoise (illative plural) into the evenings (õhtuisse, õhtutesse)
õhtagoiz (inessive plural) in the evenings (õhtuis, õhtutes)
õhtagoiss (elative plural) from the evenings (õhtuist, õhtutest)
õhtagoile (allative plural) to the evenings (õhtuile, õhtutele)
õhtagoil (adessive plural) at the evenings (õhtuil, õhtutel)

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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-09-28, 23:55

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Ühessämäz õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 9
(et) (Üheksas õppetükk)

The ablative case is used:
  • to indicate a change in state: saata naizõssi to become a wife (naiseks saada); kraazgattaa musassi to paint something black (mustaks värvida)
  • to indicate an interval of time: kahõssi tunnissi for two hours (kaheks tunniks)
  • to indicate language use: Pajattaa vaďďassi speak Votian (räägi vadja keelt)
  • in certain phrases of order or importance: kõlmõttõmassi thirdly (kolmeks)
  • in certain expressions: Antaga antõõssi! Forgive me! (Andke andeks!)
The ablative is formed using the genitive (with vowel harmony) with the ending -ssi.


III taivutuz third declension
Words ending in -a, which have the vowels a, i, or -õ in the first syllable. Because these words always end with -a, all endings have the back vowel variant of vowel harmony.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: strong grade, ends with a
  • Genitive singular: weak grade, ends with a
  • Partitive singular: nominative + -a
  • Illative singular: nominative + -a
  • Inessive singular: genitive +-z
  • Elative singular: genitive +-ss
  • Allative singular: genitive + -lõ
  • Adessive singular: genitive + -ll
  • Ablative singular: genitive + -lt
  • Translative singular genitive + -ssi
  • Nominative plural: genitive + -d
  • Genitive plural: nominative with -a changed to -o + -je
  • Partitive plural: nominative with -a changed to -o + -it
  • Illative plural:nominative with -a changed to -o + -isõ
  • Inessive plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -iz
  • Elative plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -iss
  • Allative plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -ilõ
  • Adessive plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -ill
  • Ablative plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -ilt
  • Translative plural: genitive with -a changed to -o + -issi

III declension example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.

    jalka (nominative singular) the foot, the leg (jalg)
    jalga (genitive singular) of the foot/leg (jalga)
    jalkaa (partitive singular) some of the foot/leg (jalga)
    jalkaa (illative singular) into the foot/leg (jalga, jalgasse)
    jalgaz (inessive singular) in the foot/leg (jalas)
    jalgass (elative singular) from of the foot/leg (jalast)
    jalgalõ (allative singular) to the foot/leg (jalale)
    jalgall (adessive singular) at the foot/leg (jalal)
    jalgalt (ablative singular) out of the foot/leg (jalalt)
    jalgassi (translative singular) for the foot/leg (jalaks)
    jalgad (nominative plural) the feet/legs (jalad)
    jalkoje (genitive plural) of the feet/legs (jalge, jalgade)
    jalkoit (partitive plural) some of the feet/legs (jalgu, jalgasid)
    jalkoisõ (illative plural) into the feet/legs (jalusse, jalgesse, jalgadesse)
    jalkoiz (inessive plural) in the feet/legs (jalust, jalgest, jalgadest)
    jalkoiss (elative plural) from the feet/legs (jalust, jalgest, jalgadest)
    jalkoilõ (allative plural) to the feet/legs (jalule, jalgele, jalgadele)
    jalkoil (adessive plural) at the feet/legs (jalul, jalgel, jalgadel)
    jalkoilt (ablative plural) out of the feet/legs (jalult, jalgelt, jalgadelt)
    jalgoissi (translative plural) for the feet/legs (jaluks, jalgeks, jalgadeks)

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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-10-25, 7:36

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Tšümmenäz õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 10
(et) (Kümnes õppetükk)

The essive case is used:
  • to indicate a quality of the subject: õlla läsivänä to be sick; tämä õli veel tüttärikkona he/she was still a girl
  • to indicate occupations: tööttää karjuššina to work as a shepherd
  • to indicate a period of time: sütšüzenä in the autumn; se õli õhtagona it was in the evening; tulla viďďezpäänä come on Friday
The essive is formed using the genitive (with consonant gradation, except in the combinations hk, kk, pp, ss, šš, tt,
hs, tts, ttš), with vowel harmony, with the ending -na/-nä for words ending in vowels and the endings -nna/-nnä for words ending with -z, -d, -r, with the consonant ending removed.


IV taivutuz fourth declension
Words ending in -ä, which have the diphthong -ei- in the first syllable. Because these words in the singular form always end with -ä, all endings have the front vowel variant of vowel harmony. In the plural the vowel changes to -o so the plural endings have the back vowel variant of vowel harmony.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: strong grade, ends with ä
  • Genitive singular: weak grade, ends with ä
  • Partitive singular: nominative +
  • Illative singular: nominative +
  • Inessive singular: genitive +-z
  • Elative singular: genitive +-ss
  • Allative singular: genitive + -le
  • Adessive singular: genitive + -ll
  • Ablative singular: genitive + -lt
  • Translative singular: genitive + -ssi
  • Essive singular: genitive + -nä
  • Nominative plural: genitive + -d
  • Genitive plural: nominative with -ä changed to -o + -je
  • Partitive plural: nominative with -ä changed to -o + -it
  • Illative plural:nominative with -ä changed to -o + -isõ
  • Inessive plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -iz
  • Elative plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -iss
  • Allative plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -ilõ
  • Adessive plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -ill
  • Ablative plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -ilt
  • Translative plural: genitive with -ä changed to -o + -issi
  • Essive plural: genitive with -ä change to -o + -inä

IV declension example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.

    leipä (nominative singular) the bread (leib)
    leivä (genitive singular) of the bread (leiva)
    leipää (partitive singular) some of the bread (leiba)
    leipää (illative singular) into the bread (leiba, leivasse)
    leipäz (inessive singular) in the bread (leivas)
    leipäss (elative singular) from of the bread (leivast)
    leipäle (allative singular) to the bread (leivale)
    leipäll (adessive singular) at the bread (leival)
    leipält (ablative singular) out of the bread (leivalt)
    leipässi (translative singular) for the bread (leivaks)
    leipänä (essive singular) as the bread (leivana)
    leiväd (nominative plural) the breads (leivad)
    leipoje (genitive plural) of the breads (leibade)
    leipoit (partitive plural) some of the breads (leibu, leibasid)
    leipoisõ (illative plural) into the breads (leibadesse)
    leipoiz (inessive plural) in the breads (leibades)
    leipoiss (elative plural) from the breads (leibadest)
    leipoilõ (allative plural) to the breads (leibadele)
    leipoil (adessive plural) at the breads (leibadel)
    leipoilt (ablative plural) out of the breads (leibadelt)
    leipoissi (translative plural) for the breads (leibadeks)
    leipoinä (essive plural) as the breads (leibadena)

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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-10-27, 17:51

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

(vot) Ühstõššõmõz õppikappalõ
(en) Lesson 11
(et) (Üheteistkümnes õppetükk)

The comitative case is used:
  • to something that is with something else (used on its own or together with the adverbs kaaz, kooz, kokoo or ühez): [kooz] lahzühezka elää to live with a child; ühez sõsarõka together with my sister; [kokoo] näjjeka tavata to meet with them
  • to the tool used: vasaraka with a hammer; jalkoika with one's feet
The comitative singular is formed using the genitive plus the ending -ka. The comitative plural is formed from the genitive plus the ending -ka for the first and ninth through fourteenth declensions, but from the genitive stem only (not the full genitive form) for the second through eighth declensions, with the ending -ka.

V taivutuz fifth declension
Words ending in -a, which have the vowels -o, -u or sometimes -õ in the first syllable. Because these words in the singular form always end with -a and contain other back vowels, all endings have the back vowel variant of vowel harmony.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: strong grade, ends with a
  • Genitive singular: weak grade, ends with a
  • Partitive singular: nominative + -a
  • Illative singular: nominative + -a
  • Inessive singular: genitive +-z
  • Elative singular: genitive +-ss
  • Allative singular: genitive + -lõ
  • Adessive singular: genitive + -ll
  • Ablative singular: genitive + -lt
  • Translative singular: genitive + -ssi
  • Essive singular: genitive + -na
  • Comitative singular: genitive + ka
  • Nominative plural: genitive + -d
  • Genitive plural: nominative with -a changed to -õ + -je
  • Partitive plural: nominative with -a changed to -õ + -it
  • Illative plural:nominative with -a changed to -õ + -isõ
  • Inessive plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -iz
  • Elative plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -iss
  • Allative plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -ilõ
  • Adessive plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -il
  • Ablative plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -ilt
  • Translative plural: genitive with -a changed to -õ + -issi
  • Essive plural: genitive with -a change to -õ + -ina
  • Comitative plural: genitive with -a changed to õ + -ika

V declension example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.

    poika (nominative singular) the son (poeg)
    poiga (genitive singular) of the son (poja)
    poikaa (partitive singular) some of the son (poega)
    poikaa (illative singular) into the son (poega, pojasse)
    poigaz (inessive singular) in the son (pojas)
    poigass (elative singular) from of the son (pojast)
    poigalõ (allative singular) to the son (pojale)
    poigall (adessive singular) at the son (pojal)
    poigalt (ablative singular) out of the son (pojalt)
    poigassi (translative singular) for the son (pojaks)
    poigana (essive singular) as the son (pojana)
    poigaka (comitative singular) with the son (pojaga)
    poigad (nominative plural) the sons (pojad)
    poikõje (genitive plural) of the sons (poegade)
    poikõit (partitive plural) some of the sons (poegi, poegasid)
    poikõisõ (illative plural) into the sons (poegadesse)
    poikõiz (inessive plural) in the sons (poegades)
    poikõiss (elative plural) from the sons (poegadest)
    poikõilõ (allative plural) to the sons (poegadele)
    poikõil (adessive plural) at the sons (poegadel)
    poikõilt (ablative plural) out of the sons (poegadelt)
    poikõissi (translative plural) for the sons (poegadeks)
    poikõina (essive plural) as the sons (poegadena)
    poikõika (comitative plural) with the sons (poegadega)

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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2019-11-02, 18:05

from Vaďďa tšeeli izeõpõttaja

VI taivutuz sixth declension
Multisyllabic words ending in -õа or -iä.

Endings:
  • Nominative singular: ends with -õа or -iä.
  • Genitive singular: ends with -õа or -iä.
  • Partitive singular: nominative + -t.
  • Illative singular: nominative + -sõ (for words ending in -õа) or -se (for words ending in -iä).
  • Inessive singular: nominative + -z.
  • Elative singular: nominative + -ss.
  • Allative singular: nominative + -lõ (for words ending in -õа) or -le (for words ending in -iä).
  • Adessive singular: nominative + -l.
  • Ablative singular: nominative + -lt.
  • Translative singular: nominative + -ssi.
  • Essive singular: nominative + -na (for words ending in -õа) or -nä (for words ending in -iä).
  • Comitative singular: nominative + -ka.
  • Terminative singular: nominative + -lõssa (for words ending in -õа) or -sessa (for words ending in -iä).
  • Nominative plural: nominative + -d
  • Genitive plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -ije added
  • Partitive plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -it added
  • Illative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -isõ added (for words ending in -õа) or -ise added (for words ending in -iä).
  • Inessive plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -iz added
  • Elative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -iss added
  • Allative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -ilõ added (for words ending in -õа) or -ile added (for words ending in -iä).
  • Adessive plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -il added
  • Ablative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -ilt added
  • Translative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -issi added
  • Essive plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and -ina added (for words ending in -õа) or -inä added (for words ending in -iä).
  • Comitative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed and ika added
  • Terminative plural: nominative with -a/-ä removed + -ilõssa (for words ending in -õа) or -iessa (for words ending in -iä).

VI declension example (English translations are approximate, since most cases can be used in multiple ways)
The part in parenthesis after the English translation is the Estonian translation, not Votic.

    pehmiä (nominative singular) soft (pehme)
    pehmiä (genitive singular) of the soft (pehme)
    pehmiät (partitive singular) some of the soft (pehmet)
    pehmiäse (illative singular) into the soft (pehmesse)
    pehmiäz (inessive singular) in the soft (pehmes)
    pehmiäss (elative singular) from of the soft (pehmest)
    pehmiäle (allative singular) to the soft (pehmele)
    pehmiäl (adessive singular) at the soft (pehmel)
    pehmiält (ablative singular) out of the soft (pehmelt)
    pehmiässi (translative singular) for the soft (pehmeks)
    pehmiänä (essive singular) as the soft (pehmena)
    pehmiäka (comitative singular) with the soft (pehmega)
    pehmiäsessa (terminative singular) until the soft (pehmeni)
    pehmiäd (nominative plural) the soft (pehmed)
    pehmiije (genitive plural) of the soft (pehmete)
    pehmiit (partitive plural) some of the soft (pehmeid)
    pehmiise (illative plural) into the soft (pehmeisse, pehmetesse)
    pehmiiz (inessive plural) in the soft (pehmeis, pehmetes)
    pehmiiss (elative plural) from the soft (pehmeist, pehmetest)
    pehmiile (allative plural) to the soft (pehmeile, pehmetele)
    pehmiil (adessive plural) at the soft (pehmeil, pehmetel)
    pehmiilt (ablative plural) out of the soft (pehmeilt, pehmetelt)
    pehmiissi (translative plural) for the soft (pehmeiks, pehmeteks)
    pehmiinä (essive plural) as the soft (pehmeina, pehmetena)
    pehmiika (comitative plural) with the soft (pehmetega)
    pehmiisessa (terminative plural) until the soft (pehmeini, pehmeteni)

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Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Æxylis » 2020-01-18, 9:45

Thanks a lot, linguaphile, and to everybody else who has helped expand this post. I miss this language, and Finnic languages in general. This language reminds me so much of Estonian and Finnish and has helped to rekindle my love for these languages. I am thinking about compiling some of this information into something bigger. Maybe I can gather this up and create a lesson out of it so that maybe it could help to revitalize the language, or at least garner some interest in this group of languages.
Если хочешь говорить со мной по скайпу, мой скайп нейм - jaakuuta
If you want to speak with me on Skype, my Skype name is jaakuuta

Linguaphile
Posts:5358
Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2020-01-18, 16:16

Æxylis wrote:Thanks a lot, linguaphile, and to everybody else who has helped expand this post. I miss this language, and Finnic languages in general. This language reminds me so much of Estonian and Finnish and has helped to rekindle my love for these languages. I am thinking about compiling some of this information into something bigger. Maybe I can gather this up and create a lesson out of it so that maybe it could help to revitalize the language, or at least garner some interest in this group of languages.

No eb milte! I should get back to Votic as well; I was working my way through Vaďďa Tšeeli Izeõpõttaja and posting translations of some of it, but it's been a couple of months now. (I see I was only up the sixth word class for noun declensions; I believe there are 14 of them in all.) :D Anyway, you started this thread but I didn't know you still visited the board. Meelüᴢ tšüll! Nice to see your post here. It does help to know Estonian for accessing the materials that are available. (Or Russian; Vaďďa Tšeeli Izeõpõttaja is in Russian, which I suppose is why I'm working through it so slowly. I rely on Vadja keele sõnaraamat quite a bit, which is trilingual, Votic-Estonian-Russian.) :mrgreen:

Linguaphile
Posts:5358
Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2020-04-13, 19:52


Linguaphile
Posts:5358
Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Votic / Votian

Postby Linguaphile » 2020-04-13, 20:11

Votic folk song: Mikkeľ-Kikkeľ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bsz2B7dGb_I

Lyrics:
► Show Spoiler


English translation:
► Show Spoiler


Another version:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVWG1K7aYKo


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