+ Estonian, with thanks to Ainurakne, Prantsis and Naava who helped with some questions on the Estonian board before I posted this (and to France-Eesti, who egged us on).
Also, as will always be the case with this sort of list, the words and sentences that make good examples of various cases in one language don't necessarily make good examples of various cases in a different language. (
Maja 'house" for example, is not the best example in Estonian for various reasons.) A different set of examples using
laud "table, board" was provided in a
great post from Ainurakne in the Estonian forum and above that in the same thread there is a discussion of why the word
maja in general and these sentences in particular aren't "typical" examples of cases for Estonian.
Added terminative and prolative cases.
Also, for English, I changed "
to the house" to "
at the house" (sentence #10).
InstrumentalLocativeDativeNominativeGenitiveAccusativePartitiveInessiveElativeIllativeAdessiveAblative AllativeEssiveTranslativeInstructiveAbessiveComitativeTerminativeProlativeFinnish:
1.
Talo on helppo sana.
2. En pidä tämän
talon väristä.
3. Maalaan
talon. Auta maalaamaan
talo!
4. Maalaan
taloa.
5. Asun
talossa.
6. Poistu
talostani!
7. Menen hänen
taloonsa.
8. Nähdään
talolla!
9. Kävelin
talolta toiselle.
10. Koska saavut
talolle?
11. Käytätkö tätä hökkeliä
talona?
12. Muutan sen
taloksi.
13. He levittivät sanomaansa rakentaminsa
taloin.
14. On vaikeaa elää
talotta.
15. Hän vaikuttaa varakkaalta monine
taloineen.
Estonian:
1.
"Maja" on lihtne sõna.
2. Mulle ei meeldi selle
maja värv.
3. Ma värvin
maja ära. Aidake mul
maja värvida!
4. Ma värvin
maja.
5. Ma elan
majas.
6. Minge mu
majast välja!
7. Ma lähen tema
majja.
8. Näeme
majas! (
Estonian has addessive but doesn't use it in this particular sentence. See 8b.)8b. Näeme
seal! "See you there!" lit. "we'll see [each other] there".
9. Ma kõndisin ühest
majast teiseni.
(Estonian has ablative but doesn't use it in this particular sentence. See 9b.)9b. Ma kõndisin ühelt
korruselt teisele. "I walked from one floor to another."
10. Millal
majani jõuate?
(Estonian has allative but doesn't use it here. See 10b.)10b. Paneme
majale uued aknad. "We'll put new windows on the house. / Let's put new windows on the house."
11. Kas te kasutate seda hütti
majana?
12. Muudan selle
majaks.
13a. Nad levitavad oma sõnumit enda ehitatud
majade kaudu.
13b. Nad levitavad oma sõnumit
majutsi. ("They spread their message through houses.")
14. Raske on
majata elada.
15. Oma paljude
majadega tundub ta päris rikas olevat.
English:
1.
House is an easy word.
2. I don't like this
house's colour.
3. I'll paint
the house. Help me paint
the house!
4. I'm painting
the house.
5. I live
in the house.
6. Get
out of my
house!
7. I'm going
(in)to his/her
house.
8. See you
at the house!
9. I walked
from [one] house to another.
10. When will you be arriving
at the house?
11. Are you using this shack
as a house?
12. I'll turn it
into a house.
13. They passed on their message
with(using)
the houses they built.
14. It's difficult to live
without a house.
15. He appears to be wealthy,
with the numerous
houses he has.
German:
1.
"Haus" ist ein einfaches Wort.
2. Mir gefällt die Farbe
dieses Hauses nicht.
3. Ich streiche
das Haus. Hilf mir,
das Haus zu streichen!
4. Ich streiche (gerade)
das Haus.
5. Ich wohne
in dem Haus.
6. Geh
aus meinem Haus (hinaus)!
7. Ich gehe in
in {sein / ihr} Haus (hinein).
8. Wir sehen uns
am Haus!
9. Ich ging
von einem Haus zum anderen.
10. Wann kommst du
am Haus an?
11. Benutzt du diese Hütte
als Haus?
12. Ich verwandle sie
in ein Haus.
13. Sie gaben ihre Botschaft
mit den Häusern weiter, die sie bauten.
14. Es ist schwierig,
ohne ein Haus zu leben.
15. Er scheint reich zu sein,
mit den zahlreichen Häusern, die er hat.
Turkish:
1.
Ev kolay bir kelimedir.
2. Bu
evin rengini beğenmiyorum.
3.
Evi boyayacağım.
Evi boyamama yardım et!
4.
Evi boyuyorum.
5.
Evde yaşıyorum.
6.
Evim
den çekil!
7. Onun
evin
e gidiyorum.
8.
Evde görüşürüz!
9. Bir
evden başka birine yürüdüm.
10. Ne zaman
eve varıyor olacaksın?
11. Bu barakayı
ev olarak mı kullanıyorsun?
12. Onu bir
eve dönüştüreceğim.
13. Mesajlarını inşa ettikleri
evler
le aktardılar.
14.
Ev olmadan yaşamak zordur.
15. O, sahip olduğu sayısız
evle zengin gözüküyor.[/quote]