This is going to be a longer one..
Remeber the personal pronouns?
Mun, don, son (I, you, s/he)
What about these words?
boahtá, eallá, gii, dat, busse, manná
Goalmmát boddu - Third lesson
[koalmmaaht boddtu]
Máhtte [mahhte]: Maid don gulat?
Iŋgá: Skohter lea vissa.
Máhtte: De lea Juvvá.
Iŋgá: Juvvá dieđusge.
Máhtte: Do de boahtá. Juvvá dat vuodjá.
Máhtte: Juvvá, don dat vuoját.
Juvvá: Juo, mun dat vuoján.
Máhtte: Mot manná?
Juvvá: Bures dat manná. Mot don ealát?
Máhtte: Mun ealát dearvan.
- Gosa don manat?
- Leago hivsset?
- Dat lea olgun.
- Mun manan dohko.
Sánit:
goalmmát [koalmmaaht] - third
guossi [kuosssii] - a visitor
maid [majh] - what
gulat - you hear
skohter [skoohter] - a scooter, or mohtorgielká (Finnish loan).
De - you (plural)
dieđusge [tieđuuske] - of course
Juvvá dat [Juvvvaa đaht] - Juvvá it (as "Well Juvvá did that and that")
vuodjá [vuodžaa] - s/he drives
vuoját - you drive
vuoján - I drive
ealát [ealaht] - you live
mot don ealát? - how's your life = how are you?
ealán [ealaan] - I live
eallá [eallaa] - s/he lives
dearvan [tear^van] - (as) healthy (Finnish: terveenä)
de - now
gulan - I hear
gosa [kosa] - where
manat - you go
leago [leako] - is it
hivsset [hivsseht] - toilet
olgun [ol^kuun] - outside
manan - I go
dohko - there
Pronunciation note!
htt is pronounced as hht
hcc is pronounced as hhc
dj is similar to English j in John or Joan.
Schwa
It's a vowel that sounds a bit like a mix of every vowel. It appears always between these consonants:
lg - olgun [ol^kuun]
rd - girdi [kir^tii]
rv - dearvan [tear^van]
It tends to sound similar to consonants around it.
Verbs - Infinitive
The infinitive marker in Sámi is always -t. The verbs we have learnt so far end with at or it.
gullat - to hear
boahtit - to come
mannat - to go
eallit - to live
vuodjit - to drive
when we drop the infinitive marker away, we'll get the stem of the verb. Now it's easy to conjugate the verb in present singular.
gullat - to hear
the stem is gula-
I hear - Mun gula-n
You hear - Don gula-t
S/he hears - Son gullá (if you're wondering why the other l disappeared, look below)
Gradation = consonant changes
Oh yesss, this exists in Sámi too. Those who have learn Estonian or Finnish know what I'm talking about
When adding suffixes to a word, or conjugating a verb, sometimes we have to change the last consonant(s) a bit. For example:
Mannat - to go
I go: ma
nan
You go: ma
nat
S/he goes: ma
nná
You see the
weak state in first and second persons and the
strong state in third.
I.e the infinitive and the 3rd person of singular or plural are always in strong state.
Gradation occurs in
- verbs with
two syllables (gul-lat)
- some subtantives
Vowel changes in verbs
*only in verbs with two syllables!!*
with -it verbs (verbs ending with -it) i changes to á.
eallit: ealán, ealát, eallá.
with -at verbs the a changes to á in third person.
gullat: gulan, gulat, gullá
Bargobihtát
Post you answers into this thread.
1. Read aloud the text and translate them into English (on paper).
2. Fill in the right verb forms.
a) Gii do ... (comes) ?
b) Máret dat ... (comes).
c) Son ... (drives).
d) Já, don dat ... (you drive).
e) Juo (=yeah, yes), mun dat ... (i drive).
f) Na, mot ... (goes).
g) Mot don ... (are, live)?
h) Mun ... (i live) dearvan.
i) God Biret-Elle ... (is)?
j) Biret-Elle ... (is) olgun.
3. How would you answer?
a) Buore iđit.
b) Mot don ealát?
c) Mot Máret eallá?
d) Gii do boahtá?
e) Báze dearvan.
4. What is the question?
a) ....? - Mun ealán dearvan.
b) ....? - Hivsset lea olgun.
c) ....? - Mun dat vuoján.
d) ....? - Son eallá dearvan.