Demonstrative pronouns

h34
Posts:1425
Joined:2014-12-16, 20:15
Demonstrative pronouns

Postby h34 » 2018-07-04, 12:50

I've just come across this post about the use of demonstrative pronouns in Northern Saami and this even more detailed description:
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Are there parallels in other Uralic languages and dialects?

My attempt:

(smi-sme) dat = 'it', something previously mentioned
dát = 'this', proximity to the speaker
diet = 'this/that', proximity to the listener
duot = 'that', distance from both
dot = 'that', large distance from both

(et) see = 'it', 'this', 'that', generally used :?:
too = 'that', distance (rarely used nowadays) :?:
(fi) se = 'it' (colloq. also 'he, she')
tämä = 'this', proximity :?:
tuo = 'that', distance :?:

(myv) те / te = 'this', proximity
се / se = 'that', distance

(mhr) тиде / tide = 'this', proximity
тудо / tudo = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'

(kv-kpv) тайö / tajö = 'this', proximity
сiйö / sijö = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'
Last edited by h34 on 2018-07-05, 5:01, edited 1 time in total.

Linguaphile
Posts:5355
Joined:2016-09-17, 5:06

Re: Demonstrative pronouns

Postby Linguaphile » 2018-07-04, 15:35

Too in Estonian is used a bit more often than the textbooks would lead you to believe. It's true that it's used less commonly than see, but it's definitely used.


(smi-sme) dat = 'it', something previously mentioned
dát = 'this', proximity to the speaker
diet = 'this/that', proximity to the listener
duot = 'that', distance from both
dot = 'that', large distance from both

(smi-smp) dát = 'this,' proximity to speaker
dat = 'that,' proximity to the listener
dut = 'that,' distance from both

(et) see = 'it', 'this', proximity to the speaker (sometimes also used for 'that', distance from speaker)
too = 'that', distance from the speaker

(fi) se = 'it' (colloq. also 'he, she')
tämä = 'this', proximity :?:
tuo = 'that', distance :?:

(liv) se = 'it,' 'this,' 'that'

(vep) nece = 'this,' proximity to the speaker
se = 'it,' 'that,' distance from the speaker

(vot) kase = 'this,' proximity to the speaker
se = 'that,' distance from the speaker

(vro) seo = 'it,' 'this,' proximity to the speaker
taa = 'that,' proximity to the listener
tuu = 'that, it' distance from both


(myv) те / te = 'this', proximity
се / se = 'that', distance

(mhr) тиде / tide = 'this', proximity
тудо / tudo = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'

(kv-kpv) тайö / tajö = 'this', proximity
сiйö / sijö = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'

(kca) tim = 'this,' proximity and visible :?:
ťit = 'this,' proximity and unseen :?:
tom = 'that,' distant and visible :?:
ťot = 'that,' distant and unseen :?:
Sono di continuo a caccia di parole. Descriverei il processo così: Ogni giorno entro in un bosco con un cestino in mano. Trovo le parole tutt'attorno: sugli alberi, nei cespugli, per terra (in realtà: per la strada, durante la conversazioni, mentre leggo). Ne raccolgo quante più possibile. -Jhumpa Lahiri

h34
Posts:1425
Joined:2014-12-16, 20:15

Re: Demonstrative pronouns

Postby h34 » 2018-07-05, 4:57

Linguaphile wrote:Too in Estonian is used a bit more often than the textbooks would lead you to believe. It's true that it's used less commonly than see, but it's definitely used.

Thanks a lot!

(smi-sme) dat = 'it', something previously mentioned
dát = 'this', proximity to the speaker
diet = 'this/that', proximity to the listener
duot = 'that', distance from both
dot = 'that', large distance from both

(smi-smp) dát = 'this,' proximity to speaker
dat = 'that,' proximity to the listener
dut = 'that,' distance from both

(et) see = 'it', 'this', proximity to the speaker (sometimes also used for 'that', distance from speaker)
too = 'that', distance from the speaker

(fi) se = 'it' (colloq. also 'he, she')
tämä = 'this', proximity :?:
tuo = 'that', distance :?:

(liv) se = 'it,' 'this,' 'that'

(vep) nece = 'this,' proximity to the speaker
se = 'it,' 'that,' distance from the speaker

(vot) kase = 'this,' proximity to the speaker
se = 'that,' distance from the speaker

(vro) seo = 'it,' 'this,' proximity to the speaker
taa = 'that,' proximity to the listener
tuu = 'that, it' distance from both


(myv) те / te = 'this', proximity
се / se = 'that', distance

(mhr) тиде, ты* / tide, ty* = 'this', proximity
тудо, ту* / tudo, tu* = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'
(mrj) тидӹ, ти* / tidy, ti* = 'this', proximity
тӹдӹ, тӹ* / tydy, ty*= 'that', distance

* In Meadow Mari, the short forms are optional. In Hill Mari, the short forms have to be used when the pronoun appears before a noun as an attribute.

(kv-kpv) тайö / tajö = 'this', proximity
сiйö / sijö = 'that', distance; 'he, she, it'

(kca) tim = 'this,' proximity and visible :?:
ťit = 'this,' proximity and unseen :?:
tom = 'that,' distant and visible :?:
ťot = 'that,' distant and unseen :?:


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