Bulgarian lessons

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Bulgarian lessons

Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-03, 18:31

About the pronunciation look up here!

http://home.unilang.org/wiki3/index.php ... n_alphabet

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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-03, 18:45

Урок № 1 / Lesson 1

Текст/ Text

Антон: Здравей, Как се казваш?
Мария: Здравей. Аз съм Мария.
Антон: Добре съм. А ти как се казваш?
Мария: Мария. Как си?
Антон: Добре съм. А ти как си?
Мария: Аз също съм добре. Ти от къде си?
Антон: От Русия. А ти си от България, нали?
Мария: Да. Приятно ми е да се запознаем.

btw: Мария and Антон are names

Нови думи/ New words

Здравей! – Hello!, Hi!
Как? – How?
(Ти) как се казваш? – What is your name?
добре – well, OK
също – too
(Ти) от къде си? – Where are you from?
къде? – where?
от – from
(от) Русия – (from) Russia
(от) България – (from) Bulgaria
да – yes
Приятно ми е да се запознаем – Nice to meet you
български – Bulgarian (language)
тук – here

Граматика/ Grammar

1. съм / to be

аз съм - I am
ти си - you are (sg.)
той е - he is
тя е - she is
то е - it is
ние сме - we are
вие сте - you are (pl.)
те са - they are

The negative form of the verb “съм” (to be) is formed by adding the negative particle “не” bofore the verb:


аз не съм - I am not
ти не си - you are not (sg.)
той не е - he is not
тя не е - she is not
то не е - it is not
ние не сме - we are not
вие не сте - you are not (pl.)
те не са - they are not

But you don’t need obligatorily from a subject in each sentence. You can say: Аз съм от България, but you can also say: От България съм. You can miss “аз” but to do that you have to put the object before the verb. “Ние сме тук.” or “Тук сме.” “Те са добре.” or “Добре са.”

2. Нали?

You are from Bulgaria, aren’t you? – Ти си от България, нали?
You speak Bulgarian, don’t you? – Ти говориш български, нали?
She isn’t here, is she? – Тя не е тук, нали?


3. In Bulgarian there are three genders (such as in Russian or German): masculine (мъжки род), feminine (женски род) and neuter (среден род). Every word has a gender and there are some rules for their determinations:

Words from masculine end usually in a consonant, or in Й:
- мъж (a man), вълк (a wolf), филм (a film), герой (a hero), живот (a life)
But there are some words that end in –A or –О:
- баща (а father), чичо ( an uncle), дядо (a grandfather), съдия ( a judge) etc…

Words from feminine end usually in –А, -Я, -Ост, -Ест:
- жена (a woman), маса (a table), ябълка (an apple), стая (a room), радост (joy), болест (an illness) etc…
There are few exceptions that end in a consonant:
- нощ (a night), кръв (blood), захар (sugar), сол (salt), есен (autumn) etc…

The nouns that belong to the neuter gender have endings -О, -Е, or end in Е, И, У, Ю (the latter are usually loan words):
- момче (a boy), момиче (a girl), езеро (a lake), лице (a face), име (a name)
- такси (a taxi), бижу (a jewel), меню ( a menu)


Homework:
1. Translate the text in English!
2. Write the gender of these words: книга (a book), заек ( a rabbit), компютър (a computer), тетрадка (a notebook), дърво (a tree), зима (winter), ученик (a student), вода (water)



Довиждане or Goodbye

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Postby Sisyphe » 2007-01-05, 21:33

Sisyphe is interested. :burning:

I'm still working on the lesson, but as for question 2 of the homework :
книга - f
заек - m
компютър - m
тетрадка - f
дърво-n
зима-f
ученик - m
вода-f
Actively learning: ImageImageOn the back burner but in love with:ImageImage A life-long endeavor: Image

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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-05, 22:33

Sisyphe wrote:I'm still working on the lesson, but as for question 2 of the homework :
книга - f
заек - m
компютър - m
тетрадка - f
дърво-n
зима-f
ученик - m
вода-f


Well done!!! btw... lesson 2 is coming soon ;)

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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-06, 12:13

Урок № 2/ Lesson № 2


Текст/ Text

Антон: Здравей отново!
Мария: Здравей!
Антон: Къде отиваш?
Мария: Отивам до библиотеката.
Антон: Защо?
Мария: Имам работа там.
Антон: Каква работа?
Мария: Имам домашна работа по география и търся информация за Русия.
Антон: Искаш ли помощ?
Мария: С удоволствие.

Нови думи/ new words

отново – again
къде – where (to)
отиваш – you are going, you go
отивам – I’m going, I go
до – to, next to
библиотека (f) – library
библиотеката – the library
защо? – why?
имам – I have, I’m having
работа (f)– work
там – there
каква? – what (for feminine words)
домашна работа (f) – homework
география (f) – geography
и - and
търся – I’m looking for, I look for, I’m searching, I search
информация (f) за – information about
искаш – you want
помощ (f) – help – an exception
с удоволствие (n) – with pleasure

Граматика/ Grammar

1. Present tense

In Bulgarian language there isn’t any difference between ‘present simple’ or ‘present continuous” so when you say “отивам” you can translate it as “I go” or “I’m going”.
пиша – I write or I’m writing
всеки ден (m) – every day
писмо (n) – a letter (post)

Пиша всеки ден. – I write every day.
Пиша писмо сега. – I’m writing a letter right now.


In Bulgarian language there are three conjugations of the verbs. Now we are going to consider the third conjugation.

The verbs from the third conjugation end usually in –ам or –ям. Look up these examples:

You have to remove the ending “-ам” or ”ям” from the verb and then to put the following endings

им[s]ам[/s] – to have

аз им + ам = аз имам – I have
ти им + аш = ти имаш – you have
той им + а = той има – he has
ние им + аме = ние имаме – we have
вие им + ате = вие имате – you have
те им + ат = те имат – they have

отив[s]ам[/s] – to go

аз отив + ам = аз отивам – I go
ти отив + аш = ти отиваш – you go
той отив + а = той отива – he goes
ние отив + аме = ние отиваме – we go
вие отив + ате = вие отивате – you go
те отив + ат = те отиват – they go

иск[s]ам[/s] – to want

аз иск + ам = аз искам – I want
ти иск + аш = ти искаш – you want
той иск + а = той иска - he wants
ние иск + аме = ние искаме – we want
вие иск + ате = вие искате – you want
те иск + ат = те искат = they want

смен[s]ям[/s] – to change

аз смен + ям = аз сменям – I change
ти смен + яш = ти сменяш – you change
той смен + я = той сменя – he changes
ние смен + яме = ние сменяме – we change
вие смен + яте = вие сменяте – you change
те смен + ят = те сменят – they change

When the verb ends in “-ам” you must to add: “-ам” “-аш” “” “-аме” “-ате” “-ат
When the verb ends in “-ям” you must to add: “-ям” “-яш” “” “-яме-яте” “-ят


The negative form is formed by adding the particle “не” in front of the verb:
аз не отивам – I’m not going (or just Не отивам)
ти не сменяш – You don’t change (or just Не сменяш)

Be careful!!! The negative form of the verb “имам” (to have) is “нямам” (don’t have)
- аз нямам – I don’t have
- ти нямаш – you don’t have
- той няма – he doesn’t have
- ние нямаме – we don’t have
- вие нямате – you don’t have
- те нямат – they don’t have

2. Членуваната форма на съществителните от женски род, ед.ч./ Definite form of the nouns in feminine, sg:

As you see in the text Maria says: “Отивам до библиотеката” which means: “I’m going to the library”.
“Библиотека” means “a library” This word is a feminine (because ends in –A) and its definite form is formed by adding “-та”… All words that are feminine form their definite form by adding “-та”:

библиотека (a library) but:
библиотеката (the library)

жена (a woman)
жената (the woman)

работа (a work)
работата (the work)

помощ (help)
помощта (the help)

This rule is observed even in feminine words ending in a consonant…

btw: the definite form of the word: “домашна работа” (a homework) isn’t “домашна работата), but “домашната работа”
Because when there is an adjective in front of the noun the ending is put on it… I will explain you this later ;)



3. Какъв, каква, какво, какви? / what?/ what kind of?

Какъв – for masculine nouns: какъв филм? (what kind of film), какъв мъж (what kind of man)
Каква – for feminine nouns: каква работа? (what kind of work), каква стая? (what room)
Какво – for neuter nouns: какво писмо? (what letter), какво име? (what name)
Какви – for plural forms – but this – later ;)

4. Падежи/ Cases

In Bulgarian there aren’t any cases except Vocative. You can see:

Отивам до библиотеката. – I’m going to the library.
Имам домашна работа. – I have homework.
Търся информация. – I’m looking for some information.

So you don’t have to worry about any case endings (not as in Russian or Finnish as well)


5. Въпросителни форми/ Question forms

The forming of question forms is quite easy:

Without question word: You have to put the question particle “ли” after the verb:

Искаш ли помощ? – Do you want some help?
Отиваш ли до библиотеката? – Are you going to the library?


With question word: Just don’t add anything:

Къде отиваш? – Where are you going? (not: [s]Къде ли отиваш[/s])
Защо искаш помощ? – Why do want some help? (p.s. I think this English sentence is wrong) (not: [s]Защо ли искаш помощ[/s])

The negative form:

- Не искаш ли помощ?
- Не отиваш ли до библиотеката?
- Защо не искаш помощ?

Btw: “Не” is always situated in front of the verb!!!
Btw… You don’t have to use any indefinite articles, so forget about “a car” or “some information”. Just use: “кола”, “информация


Домашна работа/ Homework

1. Translate the text in English
2. Conjugate the following verbs: разбирам (to understand), намирам (to find), слушам (to listen), получавам (to get something.), обичам (to love), забравям (to forget)
3. Translate the following sentences:
- I’m looking for the car.
- Where is the woman?
- I have a table.
- I want an apple.
- What kind of notebook do you want?
- Do you have any work?

p.s. Sorry about my bad English.
p.s. If you have any questions, just ask.
p.s. If you want I can record the text so you can hear it ;P do yuo want?

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Postby D39 » 2007-01-06, 15:01

Страхотни уроци, човек!
Много ми харесва твоия метод...
Както за звукозаписа... го предлагам силно...
Знаеш, че наистина е важно за да чуе местен жител говорейки езика, само да се стане свикало със негова система.

Great lessons, man!
Really like your method...
As for the sound recording... I strongly suggest it...
U know, it's really important to hear a native speaking the language, just to get used to the sound system of the language.

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Postby Stupot » 2007-01-08, 12:20

Record text please. I began to translate the poem at the end of the text, a little morbid isn't it?

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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-08, 12:47

Stupot wrote: I began to translate the poem at the end of the text, a little morbid isn't it?


Hm... the poem is my signature and it's written by me. But you're right... It's a little bit morbid. ;(

D39 wrote:Страхотни уроци, човек!
Много ми харесва тво[s]и[/s]я метод...
[s]Както[/s] Относно за звукозаписа... [s]го[/s] предлагам го силно...(here 'силно' isn't very suitable
Знаеш, че наистина е важно [s]за[/s] да се чуе как местен жител [s]говорейки [/s] говори езика, само за да се [s]стане свикало[/s] свикне със неговата система.


Радвам се, че моите уроци ти допадат.
I'm glad you like my lessons :)


http://www.speedyshare.com/450718969.html - here is the link where you can download the text from, spoken by me ;)

OK... bye... But have anyone done the homework?
Last edited by gothwolf on 2007-01-10, 11:02, edited 2 times in total.

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Postby Sisyphe » 2007-01-09, 3:18

gothwolf wrote:
p.s. Sorry about my bad English.
p.s. If you have any questions, just ask.
p.s. If you want I can record the text so you can hear it ;P do yuo want?


I understand everything you say, no problem. :wink:
I'll let you know as I have them, thanks for your permission. :)
I would like very much to hear the text, yes! :D My own memory is maily auditory, so it would help tremendously. Thanks in advance. :) I'll do the homework as soon as I finish the lesson. ;-) Thanks for everything ^^

EDIT: Thanks for the recording!! :D
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Postby culúrien » 2007-01-10, 9:54

Lesson 1 exercises:
els exercicin de lliçó 1:

#1

Антон: Здравей, Как се казваш?
Мария: Здравей. Аз съм Мария.
Антон: Добре съм. А ти как се казваш?
Мария: Мария. Как си?
Антон: Добре съм. А ти как си?
Мария: Аз също съм добре. Ти от къде си?
Антон: От Русия. А ти си от България, нали?
Мария: Да. Приятно ми е да се запознаем.

Translation:
Hello, what is your name?
Hello. I am Мария.
I'm okay. What is your name?
Мария. How are you?
I'm well. How are you?
I am well too. Where are you from?
From Russia. You're from Bulgaria, right?
Yes. NIce to meet you.


#2
книга: feminine
заек: masculine
компютър: masculine
тетрадка: feminine
дърво: feminine
зима: feminine
ученик: masculine
вода: feminine


I'll do lesson 2 after your corrections :)
Faré lliçó 2 després de les teves correcion :)
استیسی

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Homework

Postby Stupot » 2007-01-11, 10:44

Lesson 2
I'm lookg for the car.
Търся колата.

I have a table.
Имам маса.

I want an apple.
Искам ябълка.

What kind of notebook do you want?
Какъв вид на тетрадка искате?

Do you have any work?
Вие имате ли коя да е работа?

Is the text to be translated between Антон и мария?

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Re: Homework

Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-12, 14:06

Stupot wrote:Lesson 2
I'm lookg for the car.
Търся колата.

I have a table.
Имам маса.

I want an apple.
Искам ябълка.

What kind of notebook do you want?
Какъв вид [s]на[/s] тетрадка искате? (but it's better: Каква тетрадка искате?

Do you have any work?
Вие имате ли [s]коя да е[/s] работа?


Well done...
1. "What kind" is better to be translated as "какъв", "каква", "какво", "какви"...
But you can use "Какъв вид" + object, too ;)

2. "Do you have any work?" ... In this case "any" is like a indefinite article so in Bulgarian is better to translate it without anything. Just "Имаш ли работа?"

Stupot wrote:Is the text to be translated between Антон и Мария?


The text from Lesson 1 is translated by aardappeleter, but this from Lesson 2 isn't

Ok... Soon I'll post the third lesson ;P

Btw, aardappeleter, well done... you don't have any mistake

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Re: Bulgarian Lessions

Postby Stupot » 2007-01-18, 8:41

Text 2

Антон Здравей отово. Hello again
Мария Здрвей. Hello
А. Къде Отиващ? Where are you going?
М. Отивам до библиотеката. I’m going to the library.
A. Защо? Why?
M. Имам работа там. I have work there.
A. Каква работа? What work?
M. Имам дамашна робота по жеожрафия и търся информация а Русия.
I have geography homework and I’m looking for information about Russia.
A. Искаш ли памощ? Do you want any help?
M. С удоволствиел With pleasure (yes please. Would have been a more usual answer in English)

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Re: Bulgarian Lessions

Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-18, 15:39

Stupot wrote:Text 2

Антон Здравей отново. Hello again
Мария Здрвей. Hello
А. Къде Отиваш? Where are you going?
М. Отивам до библиотеката. I’m going to the library.
A. Защо? Why?
M. Имам работа там. I have work there.
A. Каква работа? What work?
M. Имам домашна робота по география и търся информация за Русия.
I have geography homework and I’m looking for information about Russia.
A. Искаш ли помощ? Do you want any help?
M. С удоволствие[s]л[/s] With pleasure


well done!!! Your translation is perfect

Stupot wrote:(yes please. Would have been a more usual answer in English)

- OK
:wink:

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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-19, 20:32

Уро к № 3 / Lesson № 3



Текст / Text

Мария: Привет, Антоне!
Антон: Здравей, Мария! Как си?
Мария: Аз съм много добре. Какво пра виш тук, в училище?
Антон: Търся едно момче.Той учи в това училище.
Мария: Защо го търсиш? Проблем ли имаш с него?
Антон: Не, не. Той ми е приятел.
Мария: Ясно. Трябва ли ти помощ?
Антон: Да. Къде е стая номер 9?
Мария: Тя се намира там.
Антон: Заведи ме там!
Мария: Върви след мен!

Нови думи / new words

привет – hi, hello! (it isn’t used very often)
много добре – very good
правя (II. Conj) – to do
правиш – you’re doing, you do
тук – here
търся (II. Conj) – to search, to look for
едно (n) – one
момче (n) – a boy
уча (II. Conj) – to learn, to teach
учиш – you learn
в – in (in most cases) (във – when the next word begins with “В” or “Ф” – във водата (in the water)
това (n) – this
училище (n) – a school
го – him (Acc. short form)
него – him (Acc. long form)
проблем (m) – a problem
с – with (със – when the next word begins with “С” or “З”: със змията (with the snake)
не – no
ми – to me (Dat. Short form)
ти – to you (Dat. Short form)
приятел (m) – a friend
ясно – clearly, I see
трябва (+dat.) – to need
къде - where
стая (f) – a room
номер (m) – number
девет – 9
намирам се (III. Conj) – to be situated
там – there
заведи ме там! – Bring me there!
вървя (II. Conj) – to walk
върви! – walk! (imperative)
след – after
мен – me (Acc. long form)


Граматика / Grammar

1.Второ спрежение на глаголите в сегашно време/ Second conjugation of the verbs in presents

( I rewrote this article from paruha because I think she has explained it very well. I hope I’m not going to be under trial by her)

Verbs in this groups end in:
- consonant + я
- verbs ending in -оя when the stress is on о.
- some verbs ending in 'a'

>> examples of verbs ending in a consosnat + я: правя (to do), мисля (to think), седя (to sit), вървя (to walk)
exception: къпя се (to take a shower) - it is in 1st conjugation

Like you have probably already guessed to conjugate these verbs we'll remove the ending -я and then add the following endings:
Singular - Единствено число
1. -я
2. -иш
3. -и

Plural - Множествено число
1. -им
2. -ите
3. -ят

Let's conjugate the verb правя:
1. аз правя – I do
2. ти правиш - you do
3. той / тя /то прави – he/she/it does

1. ние правим – we do
2. вие правите – you do
3. те правят – they do



>>verbs ending in -а in second conjugation

Here it is sort of an exceptiong, but not exactly. In this group there are only verbs ending in -а, which have Ж, Ш or Ч just before it.

Unfortunately, not all the verbs that end in -жа, -ша and -ча are here.
Here are around 10-15 verbs in second conjugation which end in -a:
влача, въ рша, греша, държа, мълча, пуша, служа, суча, суша, тежа, уча,

харча, хвърча, пържа

Again we remove the ending -a to add the other endings for different persons:
Единствено число
1. -а
2. -иш
3. -и

Множествено число
1. -им
2. -ите
3. -ат

Example: влача
1. аз влача – I drag
2. ти влачиш – you drag
3. той / тя / то влачи – he/ she/ it drags

1. ние влачим – we drag
2. вие влачите – you drag
3. те влачат – they drag
or

1. аз уча – I learn
2. ти учиш – you learn
3. той/ тя/ то учи – he/ she/ it learns

1. ни е учим – we learn
2. вие учите – you learn
3. те учат – they learn


2. Един, една, едно, едни - one


един – for masculine – one: един приятел (one friend), един човек (one person)
една – for feminine – one: една жена (one woman), една стая (one room)
едно – for neuter – one: едно дете (one child), едно училище (one school)
едни – for plural (I know that sounds very weird because in English you can’t say “one books” but in Bulgarian is normal to say: едни книги ( the plural of “книга” is “книги”) (one books)… In this cases “едни” is like a “indefinite article”
- Той вижда едни книги. – He is seeing books…


3. Този, тази, това, тези – this, these

този – for masculine – this: този мъж (this man), този проблем (this problem)
тази – for feminine – this: тази жена (this woman), тази работа (this work)
това – for neuter – this: това дете (this child), това училище (this school)
тези – for plural – these … (not now) :P

The nouns with “този”, “тази”, “това” и “тези” have never definite article !!!

4. да броим от 1 до 10 / to count from 1 till 10

едно – one
две – two
три – three
четири – four
пет – five
шест – six
седем – seven
осем – eight
девет – nine
десет – ten


5.Лични местоимения във винителен и дателен падеж / Personal pronouns in Accusative and in Dative:

In Bulgarian only the Personal pronouns have Accusative and Dative forms. There are two forms – short and long. The long forms are often used whit a preposition, but the short forms – without)

In Accusative

Nom – long f. short f.
аз – мен, ме
ти – теб/ тебе, те
той – него, го
тя – нея, я
то – него, го
ние – нас ни
вие – вас ви
те – тях ги

Look up these examples:
Ти си с мен.(But: С мен си) – You are with me.
Те са в нас (but: В нас са) – They are in us.
Имам проблем с тях – I have problem with them.

Той я вижда. – He is seeing her.
Аз ги търся. (but: Търся ги) – I’m looking for them.
Той ни учи. (but Учи ни) – He is teaching us.


When we have sentences with “to be” and the subject is mentioned, the personal pronouns have to be put after the verb (Ти си с мен), but if the subject isn’t mentioned, the personal pronouns in Acc. or in Dative have to be put before the verb (С мен си – You are with me)


The short forms are used more often than the long forms. As a rule their position is in front of the verb. Sometimes, though, they appear after the verb because they cannot appear in clause-initial position. The position of the long forms is after the verb:

Аз те питам. Питам те. Аз пи там те бе.
I (am) ask(ing) you.

Аз ти говоря. Говоря ти. Аз гово ря на тебе.
I (am) speak(ing) to you.

In Dative
Nom. – Dat long f. / Dat. short f.
аз – на мен(е)/ ми
ти – на тeб(е) / ти
той – на него (нему – archaic form) / му
тя – на нея (ней – archaic form) / й
то – на него (нему – archaic form) / му
ние – на нас (нам –archaic form) / ни
вие – на вас (вам – archaic from) / ви
те – на тях (тям – archaic form) / ги
Аз ти говоря. Говоря ти. Аз говоря на тебе.
I (am) speak(ing) to you.

The short forms and the long forms are identical in meaning. The long forms for the dative case are considered archaic, so the complex forms are used instead. The forms for the accusative case are used with transitive verbs that have been used transitively. The forms for dative case are used with intransitive verbs or with transitive verbs that have been used intransitively (be aware that in one language a verb may be transitive, and in another language the same verb may be intransitive!):

Аз питам тебе, не него.
I (am) ask(ing) you, not him.

Аз питам за тебе.
I (am)ask(ing) about you.

Аз вървя към тебе.
I (am) walk(ing) towards you.

The short forms for the dative case substitute only the complex form, i.e. the combination of the preposition "HA" + the long form for the accusative. Combinations of other prepositions and the long form for the accusative cannot be substituted by the short form for the dative case, neither can the short forms appear after prepositions (there are some exceptions but we'll not go into such details). Here are some examples:

Аз говоря на него. Аз му говоря.
I (am) talk(ing) to him.

Аз говоря за него.
I (am) talk(ing) about him.


Sometimes both the long form and the short form can appear in the sentence, and they refer to one and the same object:

- Казаха ми, че Николова е в отпуск по майчинство.
- А на мене ми казаха, че е в командировка.
- I was told that Nicolova was on maternity leave.
- And I was told that she was on a business trip.

Sometimes the short forms of the personal pronouns appear alongside the noun or the noun phrase they refer to. The reason for this is that it is not always clear which is the subject and which is the object of the sentence. This happens when the structure of the sentence is inverted, i.e. the object appears in sentence-initial position:

Колко странно! Кучето го нападна котка/котката!
How strange! The dog was attacked by a/the cat!(=A/the cat attacked the dog!)

In the example above the object is in sentence-initial position because the situation is not typical (you can hardly expect a cat to attack a dog, rather the opposite). But the sentence-initial position is typical for the subject, not for the object of the sentence. And here comes in the short form for the accusative (or the dative) of the personal pronoun. It is added right after the noun it refers to and thus it shows its role in the sentence - the role of an object. Such construction is impossible in English - you either have to stick to the straight word order (i.e. "subject predicate object"), or you have to use passive voice if you want to keep the dog in sentence-initial position.


6. Повелително наклонение / Imperative mood

To form the imperative form of any verb, you should take the form for the 1st person sg. present tense and remove the personal ending:
вървя (to walk) - върв-
мисля (to think) – мисл-
стоя (to stay) – сто-
пия (to drink) – пи-
идвам (to come) – идва-


If the stem ends in a consonant, you have to put these endings:
-и (for 2.sg.)
-ете (for 2.pl.)

върв-и! – go! (for 2.sg.)
върв-ете! – go! (for 2.pl.)

мисл-и! - think! (for 2.sg.)
мисл-ете! – think! (form 2.pl.)

The stress is always on –и and -ете

If the stem ends in a vocal, you have to put these endings:
-й (for 2.sg.)
-йте (for 2.pl.)

сто-й! – stay! (for 2.sg.)
сто-йте! – stay! (for 2.pl.)

идва-й! – come! (for 2.sg.)
идва-йте! – come! (for 2.pl.)

The stress here is never on the imperative endings

There are also some exceptions:

видя (to see) > виж!/вижте!
вляза (to come in, to enter) > влез!/влезте!
изляза (to go out, to exit) > излез!/излезте!
сляза (to come/get down, to descend) > слез!/слезте!
дойда (to come) > ела!/елате!
отида (to go) > иди!/идете!
държа (do hold) > дръж!/дръжте!
съм (to be) > бъди!/бъдете!

! We won’t consider the negative forms right now!

Homework:
Translate the following sentences into Bulgarian!
1. Learn with me!
2. Come to me. (the Bulgarian verb here is “дойда”)
3. This boy is friend of mine. (here “of mine”=”Dative form to “аз”)
4. He learns in Varna. (Varna (Варна) is a town in Bulgaria)
5. This is a room.
6. Do you have any problems with us?
7. What are you doing in this room?
8. We learn in this school.

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duko
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Postby duko » 2007-01-20, 10:27

Sorry for transliterating ...
I blagodarja za lekciite.

Homework:
Translate the following sentences into Bulgarian!
1. Learn with me!
Uchi s men!
2. Come to me. (the Bulgarian verb here is “дойда”)
Dojdi kym men. (Ela tuk?)

3. This boy is friend of mine. (here “of mine”=”Dative form to “аз”)
Tova momche mi e priatel

4. He learns in Varna. (Varna (Варна) is a town in Bulgaria)
Toj uchi vyv Varna

5. This is a room.
Tova e edna staja.

6. Do you have any problems with us?
Imate li problemi s nas?

7. What are you doing in this room?
Kakvo pravish v tazi staja?

8. We learn in this school.
Nie uchim v tova uchilishte.
There are 10 types of people in the world: those who understand binary and those who don't.

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gothwolf
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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-20, 13:40

duko wrote:2. Come to me. (the Bulgarian verb here is “дойда”)
Dojdi kym men. (Ela tuk?)


Yeap. the correct form is: Ела към мен! (Дойди! is not used)

Well done... :wink:

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avataar
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Postby avataar » 2007-01-20, 18:30

Rather, "ела при мене".

Duko:
5. This is a room.
Tova e edna staja.

6. Do you have any problems with us?
Imate li problemi s nas?


Better is "Това е стая" but "Имате ли някакви проблеми с нас?"
You don't use indefinite articles in Bulgarian, but I believe you know that already. The second sentence is also OK without "някакви" but in such a sentence you'd normally use it, just like the "any" in English isn't needed but used nonetheless.
Ein ring skal styra deim,
ein ring skal finna deim.
Ein ring tvinga deim
og i myrker binda deim
i landet Mordor der skuggane rår.

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gothwolf
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Postby gothwolf » 2007-01-25, 17:35

Are still there interested in Bulgarian? Should I go on with the lessons :oops:

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Sisyphe
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Postby Sisyphe » 2007-01-25, 18:12

Still studying the 3rd lesson. :oops:

I forgot to ask about lesson 2 though - where is the stress in the word Падежи? Thanks. ;-)
Actively learning: ImageImageOn the back burner but in love with:ImageImage A life-long endeavor: Image


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