Short questions

[Lost in translation]

Merci Mehrdad for your prompt and insightful reply! I think I am going to like it here at this forum

Edit: Also does this word not come from "کفیل" which means "surety"?

[eskandar]

Yes, they were both borrowed into Persian from the same Arabic root K-F-L.

[Lost in translation]

Oh ok so even though the root is the same the meaning is different?

[eskandar]

Yes. About 40-50% of Persian vocabulary is derived from Arabic, which forms words according to patterns based around certain three-letter roots. For example the Arabic root '-L-M (علم) is the source of the following Persian words: علم (knowledge, science), تعلیم (learning), معلم (teacher), معلوم (obvious, lit. 'known'), اعلام (announcement), عالِم (learned man), علامه(great scholar), علما (ulama, ie. Muslim clergy), and others. As you can see they all have the root letters ع and ل and م in that order, though the meaning of each word is different. The basic root has to do with knowing/knowledge, and all of the derived words relate to it in some way. Similarly the Arabic root K-F-L has to do with supporting or guaranteeing, hence the derived words کفیل and متکفل relate to that meaning.

[Lost in translation]

Hi Eskandar. Thanks for the thorough explanation. I was aware of the 3 letter Arabic roots of the different words but the connection in this case wasn't immediately obvious to me. Although I thought about it a bit and suspected it had something to do with "support" as you say but wasn't sure if I was right, so its great to hear the confirmation from someone else

[Lost in translation]

Here is another one:

How does one translate "charged with" into Persian in a legal/law enforcement context?

For example:

"You have been charged with causing criminal damage"

or

"You have been charged with unlawful assault"

or

"You are being officially charged with these charges"?

Thanks in advance

[Mehrdad]

This one doesn't need a lawyer!
Charged with = متهم شدن به
متهم = mottaham = accused

"You have been charged with causing criminal damage"
شما به ایجاد آسیب مجرمانه متهم شده اید

"You are being officially charged with these charges"?
شما رسما به این اتهامات متهم می شوید

امیدوارم شما به چیزی متهم نشوید

[Lost in translation]

Thanks Mehrdad!

And "Unlawful Assault"?

I hope people don't mind me asking all these questions...

Another one I thought of was "alibi"

Thanks again to all the helpful people!

[Mehrdad]

Unlawful assault word by word : تهاجم نامشروع - یا حمله ی غیرقانونی
but if it's an expression with a special meaning , I don't know the answer.

Alibi:
There isn't any exact word for it. You should translate it by a sentence. e.g.:
Do you have any alibi ? -> Do you have any evidence to prove where you have been on that night ?

آیامدرکی دارید که ثابت کند آن شب کجا بوده اید؟

Believe it or not , on previous post I was thinking the next word he wants will be Alibi !
The next word? Plea guilty? or sentence to life ?

Good Luck !

[Lost in translation]

Thanks again Mehrdad. And nice one on preempting the questions, feel free to keep preempting me and telling me the answers as well it would make my life a lot easier haha

I actually had some other things in mind, but can't recall now. Will ask again when they come to mind unless thy come to your mind first

For now, here is a few more:

"You have been aquitted of xxxx charge/charges"

"The court will be adjourned until..."

"reckless driving"

"endangering life"

Thats all I can think of for now...

[Lost in translation]

A couple more:

What about the offense of "defamation"? Do we have an equivalant in Persian?

And also the act of "suing"?

How do you say that in Persian

P.S. Loving this forum!

[Lost in translation]

Also hope noone is minding my questions taking over this thread, but could someone also clarify the meaning of اثبات in this sentence context? اثبات حق قنی سازی?

I know usually this means "proving" I suspect here it means "recognising" but I am not sure if that is correct.

[eskandar]

Also hope noone is minding my questions taking over this thread, but could someone also clarify the meaning of اثبات in this sentence context? اثبات حق قنی سازی?

I know usually this means "proving" I suspect here it means "recognising" but I am not sure if that is correct.

I'll leave the legal translations to Mehrdad as they're not my forte, but yes you are right about اثبات . In addition to "proving" it can mean "recognizing", "confirming", or "demonstrating". Also I'm sure you meant غنی سازی not قنی سازی

There's no problem with you continuing to post your questions in this thread, but if you like, you could also just start a new thread on legal translations. That might help avoid confusion if other people post intermittent questions here in the 'short questions' thread.

[Lost in translation]

Thanks for that, and yea غنی... ooops

I might do that, but I also have non-legal vocab questions. So could I start another thread for those? Such as medical questions?

My first one would be how do you say "hallucination" in Persian, and is there a word for "Hallucinogens"?

EDIT: Ok I understand "hallucination" to be "توهم" so then what about "hallucinogens"?

EDIT 2: also regarding the previous post, just to clarify, if "اثبات" can mean "recognising", then does it follow that "ثابت کردن" can also mean "to recognise"?

[eskandar]

Sure, you can start as many threads as you want.

Hallucinogen would be توهم‌انگیز or نهازش‌زا . And yes, اثبات کردن can mean to recognize in the sense of formally recognizing something.

[Mehrdad]

Here you are:

"You have been aquitted of xxxx charge/charges"
شما از اتهام ... / اتهامات تبرئه شده اید

"The court will be adjourned until..."
ادامه دادگاه به ... موکول خواهدشد
This one is also used: Next session of court will be on...
جلسه بعدی دادگاه در تاریخ ... برگزارخواهدشد

"reckless driving"
بی ملاحظه رانندگی کردن

"endangering life"
در معرض خطر جانی قراردادن
زندگی کسی را به مخاطره (خطر) انداختن
شما با این طرز رانندگی بی ملاحظه , این کودک را در معرض خطر جانی قرارداده اید / زندگی این کودک را به مخاطره انداخته اید

"defamation "
تهمت - افترا
او به من تهمت زده است

"suing"
Nowadays it's used as سو کردن in dialog. (Not formal)
formal can be : درخواست غرامت کردن

آقای اسکندرخان , من هم آنچنان درمسائل حقوقی خبره نیستم , فقط فیلم و کتاب هایی که دادگاه دارند را خیلی دوست دارم !

راستی آقای "گمشده در ترجمه" اگر مایلی کمی هم از خودت برایمان بگو . داری چکارمی کنی؟ این اصطلاحات حقوقی را برای چه می خواهی؟

[Lost in translation]

Thank you so much Mehrdad. Especially for this:

"ادامه دادگاه به ... موکول خواهدشد"

I didn't know that that is how you use موکول in a sentence! I actually wouldn't have guessed it. Thanks.

Also does افترا get used exactly the same way in a sentence as تهمت ?

i.e. او به من افترا زده است

??

"من هم آنچنان درمسائل حقوقی خبره نیستم , فقط فیلم و کتاب هایی که دادگاه دارند را خیلی دوست دارم"

Great! Do you recommend anything in Persian? I often think whether there are some cheesy Iranian courtroom dramas that might be insightful

"راستی آقای "گمشده در ترجمه" اگر مایلی کمی هم از خودت برایمان بگو . داری چکارمی کنی؟ این اصطلاحات حقوقی را برای چه می خواهی؟"

hahaha ok there is not much to tell, its a fairly boring story actually. I have recently started to work as an interpreter and am trying to improve some of my legal/administrative/medical vocabulary. Hence why I am asking all these questions, if you would like to know anything specific fee free to ask

More questions coming up, but I think I'll start my own threat since I might be asking questions for a while to come

[Mehrdad]

Also does افترا get used exactly the same way in a sentence as تهمت ?

i.e. او به من افترا زده است

Yes , they have same usage.
Also :
او دروغ می گوید . اینها همه تهمت و افتراست.

[Lost in translation]

Thanks Mehrdad!

[razqandi]

What does "Mailesh" mean in Tajik? Look at this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvI8nMWtenE. I searched the web but several different answers made me completely confused. Please cite your sources. I'm a native speaker of Iranian Persian, so feel free to respond in/switch to Persian if it's easier to explain the exact meaning of that word. Thank you.