Postby Bubulus » 2017-06-14, 2:17
I asked an Indonesian guy about this, and:
<Serafin> IndonGuy: how does one express "have" in Indonesian
<IndonGuy> I have a dick > Saya punya kontol.
<IndonGuy> I don't have a dick > Saya tidak punya kontol
<IndonGuy> Hm
<gaagididaazod> pls gloss
<IndonGuy> I think punya is colloquial
<IndonGuy> Saya memiliki kontol.
<Serafin> it's literally 1SG have dick
<IndonGuy> saya punya kontol > i have dick
<Serafin> is there anything interesting about "to have" in Indonesian
<Serafin> perhaps in terms of TAM-marking, or synonyms, or the expression of "have" with certain nouns, or anything?
<IndonGuy> This is Indon not an Eurolang.
<IndonGuy> But in colloquial there are construct like this.
<IndonGuy> Saya punya buku > I have a buku.
<IndonGuy> Buku ini punya saya > This book belongs to me
<IndonGuy> The formal form is "Saya memiliki (sebuah) buku" and "Buku ini dimiliki oleh saya".
<IndonGuy> "mempunyai" is also a word, but I have never heard anyone use the word "dipunyai".
<IndonGuy> But anyway the point is, in colloquial Indonesian both passive and active for "have" has no conjugation at all.
<Serafin> well, see, that is interesting
<IndonGuy> This seems to be unique, not all verbs in colloquial are used like that.
<IndonGuy> To add further to the ambiguity the word punya in coll-speak can also used as participle.
<IndonGuy> "Ambil punya saya saja" >> take have I instead >> take mine instead
So, memiliki is a formal transitive verb meaning "to have [sth]", punya is a colloquial verb meaning both "to have [sth]" and "to be possessed by [sb]" (buku ini punya saya), dimiliki oleh means "to be possessed by [sb]", mempunyai is less common but also means "have [sth]".