Sugulussõnad ja valesõbrad ja "kummalised sõbrad"

[Linguaphile]

Huvitavaid sõnu:

[flag=]fr[/flag] ta = your
[flag=]et[/flag] ta = he, she, his, her
[flag=]fr[/flag] sa = his, her
[flag=]et[/flag] sa = you
Alustasin prantsuse keelt ja eesti keelt samal aastal õppida ja algul see "ta/sa" asi ajas mu täiesti segadusse....
[flag=]fr[/flag]ta \ / [flag=]et[/flag]sa
........ ........
[flag=]et[/flag]ta / \[flag=]fr[/flag]sa

Ole ettevaatlik menüü lugedes!
[flag=]en[/flag] calamari = squid (tavaliselt kalmaarirõngad)
[flag=]it[/flag] calamari = squid (mitmuses; palju kalmaare)
[flag=]et[/flag] kalamari = caviar

Indoneesia keelest:
[flag=]id[/flag] tasku = my bag
[flag=]et[/flag] tasku = pocket
Ma arvan, et see on saksakeelne tüve, indoneesia keeles taani keelest ja eesti keeles saksa keelest, aga kui imelik see on, et indoneesia keeles ja eesti keeles on sama sõna!

Ja kasahhi keelest juhuslik kokkusattumus:
[flag=]kk[/flag] esik = door
[flag=]et[/flag] esik = entryway

[Prantsis]

Alustasin prantsuse keelt ja eesti keelt samal aastal õppida ja algul see "ta/sa" asi ajas mu täiesti segadusse....

Surprisingly this has never confused me, whereas it took time for me to get used to meid, meil, meile... which sounded so first person singular!


aitama - aidata
aiutare
aider
(Latin: adjutare)

aita mind! (help me!)
aiutami! (help me!)

I think they're just false true friends but it aroused my curiosity, especially since the connection between aitama and abi doesn't look obvious.

edit: flags

[Linguaphile]

Alustasin prantsuse keelt ja eesti keelt samal aastal õppida ja algul see "ta/sa" asi ajas mu täiesti segadusse....

Surprisingly this has never confused me, whereas it took time for me to get used to meid, meil, meile... which sounded so first person singular!

Oh yeah, I had forgotten about that one! Yes, from the perspective of Romance languages, it certainly does.
I remember mentioning the contrast between Estonian and French pronouns to my French teacher years ago. She looked rather horrified.

[flag=]et[/flag] aitama - aidata
[flag=]it[/flag] aiutare
[flag=]fr[/flag] aider
(Latin: adjutare)

[flag=]et[/flag] aita mind! (help me!)
[flag=]it[/flag] aiutami! (help me!)

I think they're just false true friends but it aroused my curiosity, especially since the connection between aitama and abi doesn't look obvious.

Good ones! I didn't know the Italian words. In Spanish aita mind is ayúdame, so I never thought about it being similar until you posted the Italian version aiutami. Interesting!
(I have no idea what to call "false true friends" in Estonian, I just call them "kummalised sõbrad", LOL)
Another one:
[flag=]et[/flag] muutma - muudata (muudame)
[flag=]fi[/flag] muuttaa (muutamme)
[flag=]es[/flag] mudar (mudamos)
[flag=]it[/flag] mutare (mutiamo)
[flag=]la[/flag] mūtāre (mutāmus)
Is there a similar word in French? (meaning: to change)

[Prantsis]

Muutma, of course! I should have thought of that one too!

Is there a similar word in French? (meaning: to change)

muter (to mutate)

[Linguaphile]

[flag=]et[/flag] seitse
[flag=]es[/flag] siete
[flag=]it[/flag] sette

[flag=]et[/flag] armastus
[flag=]es[/flag] amor
[flag=]fr[/flag] amour
[flag=]it[/flag] amore

[ainurakne]

I think they're just false true friends but it aroused my curiosity, especially since the connection between aitama and abi doesn't look obvious.

In Proto-Finnic, the word abi had both strong (*api-) and weak grade (*abi-) stem. So, in Estonian, there once may or may not have existed also the weak form avi (abi : avi(n) : abi(da)).
The verb aitama is based on the weak grade (*abittadak in Proto-Finnic) and it was definitely once avitama in Estonian. But this v has now disappeared.

[Naava]

[flag=]et[/flag] veski (a mill)
[flag=]fi[/flag] veski (a toilet)

One of my favourites so far. I was listening to the song Veskimees but I didn't know that veski meant 'mill' so the way I heard the lyrics... "There's one toilet standing on the water"? Ok seems legit.

[Prantsis]

The verb aitama is based on the weak grade (*abittadak in Proto-Finnic) and it was definitely once avitama in Estonian. But this v has now disappeared.

Nähtavasti aga on see v-täht alles püsinud nii soome kui karjala, võru ja vadja keeles. Aitäh valgustamise eest.


Samakõlalised sõnad:

perse (ass)
percé (with a hole in it, pierced)

[Linguaphile]

[flag=]et[/flag] veski (a mill)
[flag=]fi[/flag] veski (a toilet)

One of my favourites so far. I was listening to the song Veskimees but I didn't know that veski meant 'mill' so the way I heard the lyrics... "There's one toilet standing on the water"? Ok seems legit.

[flag=]et[/flag]hallitus mold
[flag=]fi[/flag]hallitus government

[flag=]et[/flag]pulma wedding
[flag=]fi[/flag]pulma problem

[flag=]et[/flag]sulane servant
[flag=]fi[/flag]sulhanen fiancé

[flag=]et[/flag]vaim ghost
[flag=]fi[/flag]vaimo wife

[flag=]et[/flag]huvitav konkurss interesting competition
[flag=]fi[/flag]huvittava konkurssi funny bankruptcy

[flag=]et[/flag]Kõik ruumid on koristatud. All the rooms have been cleaned.
[flag=]fi[/flag]Kaikki ruumiit on koristettu. All the corpses have been decorated.

[aaakknu]

rada path
рада council

ese object
ese that

su your
su his, her, their

te you (plural or polite)
te you (singular, acc.)

see this
це ("tse") this
sé I know

kama
cama bed

suur big
sur south

ilu beauty
ilo joy

isa father
isa one

ema mother
ama father

mu my
mo your

vale a lie
vale ok

[Prantsis]

hasart (frenzy, enthusiasm, passion...)
hasard (chance, happenstance. Au hasard: at random) (in Estonian: juhus)

The Estonian hasart is a French loan. The French hasard comes from an Arabic word meaning dice. In the compound hasartmäng (game of chance, in French: jeu de hasard), it seems that hasart assumes the French meaning.

[Prantsis]

viril (whiny, sniveling)
viril (manly, virile) (in Estonian: mehelik)

[aaakknu]

[flag=]kk[/flag] esik = door
[flag=]et[/flag] esik = entryway

[flag=]kdr[/flag] (karaiimi keel) esik - door

[flag=]et[/flag] kava
[flag=]uk[/flag] кава ("kava") - kohv

[flag=]et[/flag] veri
[flag=]en[/flag] very - väga

[Naava]

[flag=]et[/flag] kama
[flag=]es[/flag] cama bed

[flag=]fi[/flag] kama stuff

[ainurakne]

[flag=]fi[/flag] kama stuff

Actually, among other meanings, kama is also used as stuff in Estonian.

Or maybe this is done only by those who have worked together with Finnish people in the construction industry.

[Linguaphile]

[flag=]fi[/flag] kama stuff

Actually, among other meanings, kama is also used as stuff in Estonian.

Or maybe this is done only by those who have worked together with Finnish people in the construction industry.

When I read your comment I was certain that I'd heard kama used that way myself. Then I realized that that the word I've heard, which I was thinking of, is actually jama.

[Naava]

[flag=]fi[/flag] kama stuff

Actually, among other meanings, kama is also used as stuff in Estonian.

Oh, I didn't know that! Thanks for telling. I was thinking about the food because that'd be talkkuna in Finnish, not kama.

When I read your comment I was certain that I'd heard kama used that way myself. Then I realized that that the word I've heard, which I was thinking of, is actually jama.

Jama means something like "condition" in Finnish so now we got a new valesõbra.

[Linguaphile]

[flag=]fi[/flag] kama stuff

Actually, among other meanings, kama is also used as stuff in Estonian.

Or maybe this is done only by those who have worked together with Finnish people in the construction industry.

When I read your comment I was certain that I'd heard kama used that way myself. Then I realized that that the word I've heard, which I was thinking of, is actually jama.

Actually... just saw that EKSS agrees, kama and jama can be synonymous with the meaning of jama, jamps, lora:

kama² ‹11› ‹s›
jama, jamps, lora. *Kui see kama trükki läheb .., siis tahan mina kolm kuud järgemööda vanu saapaid süüa! E. Vilde. *„Kas mina olen millaski tühja lora ajand? Või kunas ma olen igasugu kama kokku luuletand?” Štšukar õhkas .. O. Samma.

[Prantsis]

lima slime
limace slug (Estonian: nälkjas) (Latin: limax)

[aaakknu]

madal low
madali easy (but "ma" is a prefix)

hingama to breathe
hinga to breathe