Hi!
Just to back what the OP said, I would like to validate
Ama - Ame (rain)
Arassy / Arashi (storm)
Sumare - Sumire (Violet - Wild orchid, both of which are lilac)
I can't validate the rest because I have not found information about the actual Guarani meanings, so I can't compare.
Edit: I'll do what I can to clarify etymologies, but it will be a difficult task.
I am not necessarily saying that these languages are related. But a common substract may exist. Arabic words were introduced in the Spanish language, but they don't come from each other because the main substract of Spanish is Latin. Hispanised Arabic words are around 4,000 words, which nevertheless work according to the Spanish sounds and grammar.
I'll add these pairs (Guarani/Japanese):
Ko — ‘this’; it also means ‘to inhabit, to live’ / Kono (‘this'). Originally a compound of
Old Japanese elements こ (
ko, “this”, pronoun) + の (no, possessive, modifies following noun).
こ as a pronoun is no longer used individually in modern Japanese. Mandarin: gè - this, that, individual, classifier for people or objects in general; size
Amo — ‘that’ / Ano (both words with stress in last syllable). 'Ano' is a compound of あ (a, distal pronominal marker) + の (no, genitive particle).
Ko ára — ‘Today’ / Kyou. Kyou's kanjis are 今日, The kanji spelling is an
orthographic borrowing from Chinese ("jinri").
Ko'ápe — ‘here' / Koko. What it says of ここ: From Old Japanese.
Heē — ‘yes’ / Hai. Perhaps related to interjection は (ha, “yes”). Or else, according to some sources, it may derive from Cantonese 係 (hai6), or perhaps from Sino-Japanese 拝 (hai), which however is believed by other scholars to be a false cognate.
Ñe'ã — ‘heart' / Mune 胸 (‘chest' in kun-yomi, the native Japanese pronounciation of 胸). From
Old Japanese. There are many theories: cognate of 棟 (muna, “main roofline, roof ridge”), from the idea of central or main portion; 空, 虚 (muna, “emptiness, void”), from the idea of cavity; a compound of 身 (mu, “body”) + 根 (ne, “root”); Cognate with 棟 (mune, “main roofline, roof ridge”) and 宗, 旨 (mune, “gist, main idea, primary part”). And there could a sound shift from "muna", from the fusion of this word with the emphatic nominal particle い (i): /muna i/ → /mune/, from Proto-Japonic *munay. Similar to the phonetic process observed in the shift from 神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, older form used in compounds) to 神 (kami, newer form, used as a standalone noun). It is found as the first element of compounds in modern Japanese.
Karai — ‘man' / Kare (‘he’). "From Old Japanese". Sadly, one doesn't find more than this hint.
Asaje — ‘Noon' / Asa 朝 (‘morning', associated to the beginning of the afternoon). "From Old Japanese". There are theories; some say it is related to Middle Korean àchóm, “morning”, Alexander Vovin believes つとめて (tsutomete) is the native Japonic root for "morning" [I personally don't see a link].
Aku — ‘hot’ / Atsui 熱い (hot object), 暑い (hot weather)
Aravai — ‘storm' / Arashi 嵐. From Old Japanese. Derivation theories: Compound of 荒ら (ara, “desolate, sparse”, archaic) + 風 (shi, “wind”, obsolete). From 荒らし (arashi, “destroyer”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 荒らす (arasu, “destroy, ruin”). Apophonic form of 颪 (oroshi, “wind blowing down from the mountains”).
Agueru — ‘ to bring' / Ageru あげる (to give)
Añá — Demon / Oni 鬼 (both words with stress in last syllable). Etymology not clear. It is though to be derived from Middle Chinese 鬼 "kui" into Middle Korean "kwuy" (recorded in 1527). Some also believe that it is derived from the on-yomi pronounciation of the Chinese character 隠 "on", which means "to hide from sight".
Guata - To walk / Wataru 渡る - To cross.
Juky - happy, agreeable, jovial / youki (na) 陽気な - happy, merry
Sunu - noise / souon 騒音 - noise (it doesn’t come from ‘sound’ because it’s written with kanji)
Opa Rire (in the end, finally) / Owari 終わり- End
Opa / Owatta 終わった- It has finished
Guio, Guivo (Spanish pronunciation of ‘gui’, as in ‘rag’) (Next to) / Gawa 側 (side of an object). Gawa is the kun-yomi (Japanese native) reading. This kanji has three kunyomi readings: gawa (side), kawa (side) and soba (vicinity). One on-yomi reading: soku (side); and two irregular readings: hata (vicinity) and katawara (vicinity). Etymologically the kanji comes from Middle Chinese 側, but I believe that kun-yomi readings do not come from Chinese (t͡ʃɨk̚), but from Old Japanese.
Chiu / Shichi 七 - number seven. It says that it is borrowed from Mandarin qī.
Chau / Kyuu - Number nine
Churi / Chou - intestine
Ere / Meirei 命令 (ei=ee) suru - Both mean ‘to say’. Ere is also ‘to speak’, while meirei suru is also ‘to order’.
Guaru (disgust, gu=w) / warui 悪い (something that is bad). 'Warui' is the kunyomi pronounciation. The classical form is 'waroshi' 悪ろし.
Guiyeia (good, brave, persistent; gu=soft g) / gyougi no yoi (good; also referred to good temperament)
Petei, Metei (Number one), Meteia (first) / hito (alone). Whitman (The Relationship Between Japanese and Korean, 2012) reconstructs Old 'Japonic' numeral 1 as *pitə. And Bentley (Old Japanese, 2012) renders it "pi1to2".
Mokôi (number two), Mokoia (Second) / Mōutsu no (Second, another).
O / ie - House
Ore (us) / ore (me), oretachi (us)
Paravo / Erabu - To choose
Risi / retsu - queue
Sakä (transparent, clear, evident) / Sukete (transparent).
Siki / Tsuki - thrust.
Yakai / Yakedo o suru 火傷 or 焼け処- To get burned. The on-yomi reading would be 'kashou'.
Hái / Suppai 酸っぱい - Sour. I think the Chinese etymology may be interwined with Old Japanese here: Chinese 酢 'su' (vinegar) + hai would be 'suppai', because of Japanese gemination.
Jyvaguy (armpit) / waki (underarm)
Ayvu / uwasa - rumour
Kururu / kaeru - toad
Po / Go - Five. Etymology: from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (“five”).
Ca'agüi (English: Ca'agwee) (mount, forest, jungle) / Oka: mount. Etymology: 大岡(おおおか), Ōoka, "large hill" (oo + ka).
(a)ñe'e (to speak, language) / hanasu - to speak. A possible etymology could be "Sino-Japonic": Middle Chinese 話 (MC ɦˠuaiH) + Old Japonic. I could see the relationship with ñ being n in Japanese.
Motyre'ÿ / mitsuteru 見捨てる - to abandon.
Karu / Hiru - lunch. Etymology of 'hiru': from Old Japanese. It says it is derived from 日 (day) + ru "of uncertain meaning". It means both daytime and lunch. In Chinese it broadly mans daytime ("zhòu") and in 'Hakka' and 'Min' Chinese it also means lunch ("chu"/"de̿").
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Guarani words are transliterated into the sounds of Spanish, so I have in some cases translated them into English, to make it clear. Basically, the correspondence would be:
Güi - wee, gu-ee
Gua - wa
Gue - as in 'Gate' (soft g+e)
Gui - as in 'Guiness' (soft g+i)
Ju - yu, ju
Ñ - 'ny' as in ca
nyon.
Y - it is a 'dark i', different from Japanese i
ã, ẽ, ĩ, õ, ũ, ỹ- vowels with this symbol (similar to that of Spanish ñ) are nasalised. Guarani has both nasalised and not nasalised vowels. Japanese vowels are not nasal, as far as I know (they don't distinguish them by nasal quality, but rather by length in pronounciation).
Ho'u - That ' indicates a glotal stop that separates the pronounciation in two 'syllables'. The closest phenomenon in Japanese is gemination, which creates a stop, in words like motto or Nippon.
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Syntaxis of Guarani. The order is usually SVO, can also be OSV or VOS. It is flexible. In fact, "the word order is often described as VO due to the more flexible position of the subject" (Hillman, The Syntax of Guarani, 2020).
The order in Japanese is SOV or OSV.
The subject can be omitted in both.
Jagua o-juka mbarakaja-pe
S V O
The dog kills the cat
(Che) a-reko peteĩ mesa
S V O
I have a table
Hakuete ko arahaku or Ko arahaku hakueterei
V S / S V
This is a very hot Summer
*It's very hot this Summer). This Summer is very hot
Arapoty jave haku
S . Gramm. Particle - V
*Spring during it is hot. (In/during Spring, it's hot).
Ko'ẽrõ arakõi
Particle S
Tomorrow (is) Monday -> No verb. In Japanese: Ashita wa getsuyoubi (+ verb 'desu').
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Language names are created as in Japanese: adding the suffix ñe'e / go:
Avañe'e - Guarani (literally: the language of men)
Nihongo (Japanese. Go means language)
To create a nationality, they employ sufixes -kuera or -jin:
Franceskuera (French)
Furansujin (French)
Both languages link the concepts of blue and green. They have the same word in Japanese and almost the same word in Guarani (adding a suffix). In Guarani, blue is 'hovy, chovy'. In Japanese, blue and green is 'aoi'. 'Hovyü' is green in Guarani (very close to the word 'hovy', blue').
On the other hand, Guarani, has almost the same word (word + suffix) to refer to red and violet: pytã and pytãũ. Pink and orange also seem to derive from red: 'pytangy' and 'pytã'yju'. Finally, black is 'hũ' and grey derives from black: 'hungy'.
In Japanese, what I have found is "the words orange, blue, and
purple were all created more recently" (
https://blog.nihongomaster.com/learn-tr ... se-colors/).
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Features of Guarani: midly polysynthetic, with 'sentence-like' inflected words. For example:
A-vaka-ami-ta ko-pyhareve
1st pers sing / cow-milk / this-morning
‘I’ll do some milking this morning'
https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.c ... wwu_honors--
Apart from this, we can observe words in Japanese that are 'wanderwort': A loanword that has spread to many different languages, often through trade or the adoption of foreign cultural practices.
For example, Kuro (black). Etymologycally, it is from Proto-Japonic *kuro, and possibly also cognate with Ainu kur (“shadow”) and Korean 구름 (gureum, “cloud”); compare also Japanese 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), Korean 검— (geom-, “black”), and Ainu kunne (“black; dark”). May be connected to Proto-Indo-European *kr̥snós (“black”) (whence Sanskrit कृष्ण (kṛṣṇá)), suggesting a Wanderwort in Asia, possibly from an Indo-Iranian language. Compare also Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”), Mongolian хар (khar, “black”). Finally, compare with Guarani "hũ".
It can also be due to the wanderwort that Japanese, Chinese and even Guarani share a similar word for 'cotton' (trade-related, perhaps); it's 'men' 綿, 'mián' 綿, and 'mandyju'.
Unrelated to this (kind of), but I read that the Ashina clan in Japan during the Sengoku period (1467 to 1615), bears a Turkic name, Açina. And I believe Japan has been the scenario of different cultural and linguistic intrusions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashina_tribe