Georgian language course...

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helen che

Postby helen che » 2008-03-01, 14:32

D39 wrote:OK, people! I'm so glad to see that u're really interested in this stuff. So... let's commence lesson 2.

<b>Meore gak'vetili (the 2nd lesson):</b>

<b><u>T'ekst'i (text):</u></b>

A: Gaitsanit, es chemi kmaria. - To introduce you, this is my husband. (lit. know him, this_here is my husband).
B: Siamovnebit! - My pleasure! (lit. pleasure-with; the t is from the Instrumental Case 'with').
B: Gaitsanit, es chemi tsolia. - To introduce you, this is my wife.
A: Dzalian sasiamovnoa tkveni gatsnoba. - It is very nice to know/meet you.
B: Is vazhi sheni shvilia? - This boy/lad is your son? (lit. He boy is your son).
A: Diakh, chemi shvilia, gaitsanit! - Yes, it's my son, to introduce you!
B: Vin aris es gogona? - Who is this girl?
A: Es gogona chemi kalishvilia, Nino. - This girl is my daughter, Nino.
A: Shen itsnob Ninos? - Do you know Nino?
B: Diakh, me vitsnob Ninos. - Yes, I know Nino.
B: Gaitsanit, es chemi dzmaa! - To introduce you, this is my brother!
A: Me mas vitsnob. - I know him.
B: Sheidzleba tkveni gatsnoba? - Is it possible to get to know you? (lit. Possible you I-you-know).
A: Tu sheidzleba gamatsanit tkveni megobari? - If you don't mind, may you introduce me your friend? (lit. if possible...)
B: Siamovnebit! - My pleasure!

<b><u>Gramat'ik'a (grammar):</u></b>

<b><i>1.The possesive pronouns:</i></b>

In their Nominative form they are formed by adding ''i'' to the Nominative form of the personal pronoun (except 1st person sg. and 3rd person sg./pl.):

shen-you (sg.) --> shen<b>i</b>-your...

Declension of the possesive pronouns (sg.):

N. chem-i shvil-i - my son:
Chemi shvili didia - My son is big.
Na. chem-ma shvil-ma - my son:
Chema shvilma k'argi iq'o - My son was good.
D. chem-s shvil-s - my son:
Vutser tserils chems shvils - I'm writing a letter to my son.
G. chem-i<s>s</s> shvil-is - my son's:
Es chemi shvilis avt'omobilia - This is my son's automobile.

<b>Note:</b> It is possible that the possesive pronouns stay after the nouns: deda (mother), mama (father), bidza (uncle), babua (grandfather), mamida (father's sister), deida (mother's sister), natlia (godfather, godmother). In this case the two words are written as one:

<s>chemi</s> mama - my father --> mamachemi

<b><i>2.The pronoun ''is'' - s/he, it; that:</i></b>

When used with a verb this pronoun is read as ''s/he, it'':

is aris - s/he, it is

But when used without a verb, in the company of a npun it's a demonstrative pronoun denoting somebody/thing far from the speaker, that:

is kali - that woman.

<b><i>3.Particles ''vin'' ans ''ra'':</i></b>

vin means who - it's used with (human) beings:

<b>Vin</b> aris es k'atsi? - <b>Who</b> is this man? / Es chemi shvilia. - This is my son.

ra means what - it's used with all of the other nouns:

<b>Ra</b> es?* - <b>What</b>'s this? / Es kalakia. - This is a city. (remmember the ending ''a'' for the 3rd pers. of ''aris'')

*In the case of using these particle, the verb ''aris'' can me ommited.

<b><i>The verb ''to know'':</i></b>

As you probably have seen, there are quite a lot of forms of ''to know'' used in this lesson's text (e.g. gaitsanit, gatsnoba, itsnob...). This is due to the fact that in georgian there are multiple uses of this verb depending on the circumstances:

gaitsanit - to introduce (lit. to [get to] know[n] to/with somebody)
gatsnoba - acquaintance, to acquaint with, to familiarize with
gamatsanit - introduce (imperative) me to somebody

Today we'll take care of the conjugation of the form ''vitsnoba'' - ''I know him'':

<b>Singular:</b>
me <b>v</b>-itsnob mas - I know him/her/it
shen itsnob mas - you know him
is itsnob-<b>s</b> mas - s/he, it knows him

<b>Plural:</b>
chven <b>v</b>-itsnob-<b>t</b> mas - we know him
tkven itsnob-<b>t</b> mas - you know him
isini itsnob-<b>en</b> mas - they know him

<b><u>Leksik'oni (vocabulary):</u></b>

visi - whose
sad - where
p'uri - bread
puli - money
ts'q'ali - water
sakhli - house
k'ari - door
panjara - window
tsa - sky
mze - sun
mtavre - moon
varsk'vlavi - star

<b><u>Varjishebi (exercises):</u></b>

<i>1.Translate into georgian:</i>

Who is this? - This is my son.
Where is he? - He is in the house. (in is a particle ''shi'' added at the end of the determined word - if the word ends in ''i'', the ''i'' falls; georgian makes no difference between a and the).
What is that? - That is the sun.
Whose automobile is that? - That automobile is mine. (this could be a bit hard, but hope u can handle it)
What is that? - That is bread.
I know your uncle.
He knows my son.

<i>2.Make 5 simple sentences using the verb ''to know''.</i>

E.g. Vitsnob sheni tsoli. - I know your wife.

<i>3.Fill in the correct form:</i>

Me ... tkveni deda.
Isini ... chemi mama.
Tkven ... mati gogona.
Shen ... misi tsoli.
Is ... sheni bidza.

Good luck!



I'm sorry but i have to make some corrections, chemma shvilma kargi iq'o ჩემმა შვილმა კარგი იყო
is not quite right. chemma shvilma nakha, chemma shvilma dainakha, but chemi shvili kargad iq'o ჩემი შვილი კარგად იყო

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Multiturquoise
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Re:

Postby Multiturquoise » 2019-11-20, 1:32

D39 wrote:Varjishebi (exercises):

1.Translate into georgian:

Who is this? - This is my son. = ეს ვინ არის? - ეს ჩემი ვაჟია.
Where is he? - He is in the house. (in is a particle ''shi'' added at the end of the determined word - if the word ends in ''i'', the ''i'' falls; georgian makes no difference between a and the). = სადაა ის? - ის სახლშია.
What is that? - That is the sun. = ეგ რა არის? - ეგ მზეა.
Whose automobile is that? - That automobile is mine. (this could be a bit hard, but hope u can handle it) = ეგ ავტომობილი ვისია? - ეგ ავტომობილი ჩემია.
What is that? - That is bread. = ეგ რა არის? - ეგ პურია.
I know your uncle. = მე ვიცნობ ბიძაშენს.
He knows my son. = ის იცნობს ჩემს ვაჟს.

2.Make 5 simple sentences using the verb ''to know''.

E.g. Vitsnob sheni tsoli. = ვიცნობ შენს ცოლს. - I know your wife.
დედაჩემს იცნობთ?
ამ ქალს არ ვიცნობ.
ამ კაცს იცნობ?
მაგ კაცს არ ვიცნობ.
იმ ქალის ვაჟს არ იცნობ?


3.Fill in the correct form:

Me ... tkveni deda. = მე ვიცნობ დედათქვენს.
Isini ... chemi mama. = ისინი იცნობენ მამაჩემს.
Tkven ... mati gogona. = თქვენ იცნობთ მათს გოგონას.
Shen ... misi tsoli. = შენ იცნობ მის ცოლს.
Is ... sheni bidza. = ის იცნობს ბიძაშენს.

Good luck!
native: (tr)
advanced: (en) (el)
intermediate: (fr) (ka)
focus: (de) (sl) (hr)


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