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Posted: 2005-02-15, 8:22
by silverwings 88
Wow... I was skimming through the lessons, and I thought it was cool it had a name marker...
Since it exists in Tagalog as well!
I noho a Kewina ki nga maunga.
Umupo si Kevyn sa mga (manga) bundok.
Kevyn sat on the mountain.
Other lots of distant similarities makes learning fun! I'm genuinely interested! Will come back later...
Kia ora!
Posted: 2005-02-17, 9:54
by Ariki
Tēnā Koutou Akonga Mā!
Kua hoki mai ahau!....I have returned!
Apologies for the long time inbetween this lesson and the last one. I can't speak fluent Hawai`ian, only basic, and I stress basic. I don't think I know enough to be a kumu (teacher) to be honest.
Todays lesson will be different from others and more challenging. No worries, kia ita(firm, strong)! Don't worry akonga (students), take your time! Good luck!
How to construct a sentence in Māori.
In Eastern Polynesian languages, the preferred word order is VSO - Verb - Subject - Object.
All Tense-Aspect-Markers (TAM) are verb particles, as well as most particles. Sentences in Māori generally follow the following ordering -
verbal particle (i.e. TAM) - Base (words with real meaning). Optionally, you may find a
e.g.
Ka kai au i te maika
is made up of -
vp - base - np - base - prep - prep - base
Todays lesson there is no translation given for the dialogue. Instead, for homework, you will have to translate the dialogue using the words I have given you and the grammatical structural analysis that I have given.
Kōrero
Ko Waka e kimi atu ana ki tāna pukapuka
Auē kei hea tāku pukapuka? I kitea e au te pukapuka i te awatea nei, engari, kua ngaro atu anō. Kei a wai tāku pukapuka? Ki tōku whakaaro, kei a Riu te pukapuka. E, ka haere atu ka ui atu ki a ia ināiapō.
Ko Riu
Auē! Nāianei, e tomo atu mātou i a Anakena. Kua pai ināianei. Kei te marino ngā ngaru. He pai te pukapuka a Waka. He nui rawa. Me hoko e au he kai māna. He hoa pai ia ki a au.
Translate the above passages.
Some more tenses (i.e. TAM)
Kua =
1/ perfective past e.g. kua pai te hui
e....ana = continuous tense (past, present or future) e.g. e tiaki ana au ki a ia
which can mean - I will wait for him or I was waiting for him or even I am waiting for him.
Me = imperative, must e.g. me rere atu te manu i te kurī
Kia = desiderative (used mostly with statives) e.g. kia pai! be good!
He Kupu Hōu
pukapuka - book
mangō = shark
nāianei = soon (without delay)
āpōpō = tomorrow
ātaahua = beautiful
aha = what
ahiahi = afternoon
ana = cave, den
ara, huarahi, huanui = road, path
aka = root
awatea = midday
hau = wind, breeze
whoatu, tuku = to give, to lend
hōiho = horse
honu = turtle
kekeno = seal (zoological)
horo = to be swift
ihu = nose
mata = eye
kanohi, mata = face
iwi = bone
kāinga = home, homeland, land
iti = small
ita, kaha, ngoi = to be strong
takoto = to lie down
moe = to sleep
karanga = to call
kata = to laugh
kimi = to search, to investigate
mākona = to be satisfied, of eating food
mea = thing
Posted: 2005-02-23, 13:10
by Ariki
Kia Ora Tātou,
Whakapākehātia - Translate to English!
Rehua : Kia Ora e hoa, kei te pēhea koe i te rā nei?
Waka : Kia Ora, kei te pai au, kei te pēhea?
Rehua : Pai rawa au. Kei te aha koe i te rā nei?
Waka : Kei te haere atu au ki te whare kura.
Rehua : He ākonga koe?
Waka : Āe.
Rehua : Ka ako koe i te mahi hoe?
Waka : Kāo, ka ako kē au i te reo Tonga
Rehua : Nē? Ka haere atu koe ki Tonga?
Waka : Āe, e hiahia ana au kia haere atu ki reira. Ko te Kīngitanga o Tonga te ingoa katoa o taua whenua.
Rehua : Ko wai te kīngi o Tonga?
Waka : Ko Hōri Tupou te kīngi o Tonga.
Rehua : Nē!
Waka : Kua kite atu koe i a Himene, me haere atu ia ki te whare o tana pāpā i te pō nei?
Rehua : Āe, ka haere atu ia i te pō nei.
Waka : Auē, me haere atu au, kei te tino hiakai au i te wā nei, kei te hiahia ahau ki te kai i te poaka.
Rehua : Kaua e kī mai i tēnā ki a au nei!
Negator - Kaua e/hei
Kaua e/hei = don't!
The rule for negation in Māori is that the word order must go 'Negative - Subject - Verb phrase - Comment e.g.
Kaua (neg) koutou (subject) e haere atu (verb phrase) ki te ara (noun phrase)
Manner Particles - Rawa - Koa
Manner particles are placed after the words they modify.
Rawa - too (much), very e.g.
Kino rawa = too bad! very bad!
Koa - please
Homai koa i te pene = Please give me the pen.
He sentences
He pai te pukapuka = The book is good
He kaiako koe? = Are you a teacher?
He Kupu Hōu
Āe - yes (more correctly translated as 'yes, that is correct')
Ākonga - student
Ama - windward side of the canoe
Aroha - charity, love, care, respect, appreciate
Haere - to go, to journey, to leave, to come
Kī - to say, to tell
Kīngitanga - Kingdom
Koa - Please, to rejoice, to be happy
Whare kura - School (lit. learning house, studying house, teaching house)
Mārama - to understand
Mataku - to be afraid
Mate - to die, to desire
Mea - to say, to do
Poaka/puaka - pig
Taiwhanga - room
Ao - daylight, day
Rā - Day
Tangi - to cry, also alphabet
Whānau - family
Whare kai - restaurant, food house
Ūropā - Europe
Wai - water, who
Waka - canoe, ship, car
Waka rererangi - aeroplane
Tēpu - tables
hītore - history
Mai - from, directional particle inferring "towards the speaker"
Manu - bird
Hua manu - egg
Posted: 2005-04-03, 8:23
by Akoni
no new lessons?
Posted: 2005-10-03, 22:11
by Stan
-Kia ora! Kei te pēwhea koe?
-Kei te pai au. Kei te pēwhea koe?
-Kei te tino whiakai au. Nō whea koe?
-Nō Rarotonga au, nō whea koe?
-Nō Hangaroa. Kia ora rā!
-Kia ora rā!
----
-Hāere mai! Hāere mai ki roto! kei te whiakai koe?
-Āe!
Posted: 2005-10-04, 9:13
by Ariki
-Hāere mai! Hāere mai ki roto! kei te whiakai koe?
-Āe!
E, koia te wairua e hoa
That's the spirit friend
Posted: 2005-10-04, 21:41
by Stan
riki wrote:-Hāere mai! Hāere mai ki roto! kei te whiakai koe?
-Āe!
E, koia te wairua e hoa
That's the spirit friend
Posted: 2005-10-05, 10:18
by E}{pugnator
E}{pugnator wrote:Kia ora!
I have news. I have bought the book Beginner's Maori from K. T. Harawira and I liked it a lot, especially for its price and the way it introduces grammar. As you may know, riki, it doesn't mark the long vowels, so I'd like to know if I can start posting the maaori words and sentences here so you can tell me where the macrons are.
That's the post I was referring to, riki
Posted: 2005-10-05, 19:49
by Ariki
That's the post I was referring to, riki
Major difference from a pm, wouldn't you say? Yes you can start posting sentences. It may interest you to compare the unmarked form that is in the book to the marked forms on here. Then, when you see a word on here with a macron that matches the meaning of a word in your book without a macron you can just mark it with a line above the vowel to mark the length.
Initially, I mustn't have seen the post that you originally posted. As I said in the other forum, if I don't reply as fast as you'd like me to, just send a friendly pm.
Posted: 2005-10-09, 4:36
by Ariki
Lesson 5
Revision!
Grammar
T.A.M.
T.A.M. (Tense - Aspect - Markers) are used in New Zealand Māori for verbal sentences.
I - simple past
The 'i' particle is used for simple past constructions. It does not indicate completion of action,
and it does imply that something else has happened afterwards. Read today's story, and note
how it is used.
Kua - completed, perfected past.
This is used for all actions which are in the past and have been completed. It also implies,
that the affects of those actions can still be felt in the present.
E - simple future
This particle, e, is used for the simple future. It means 'will' or 'shall'.
E kai au i te maika - I will eat the banana.
Negator - Kaua e/hei
Negation
Kaua e/hei = don't!
The rule for negation in Māori is that the word order must go 'Negative - Subject - Verb phrase - Comment e.g.
Kaua (neg) koutou (subject) e haere atu (verb phrase) ki te ara (noun phrase)
Manner Particles - Rawa - Koa
Manner particles are placed after the words they modify.
Rawa - too (much), very e.g.
Kino rawa = too bad! very bad!
Koa - please
Homai koa i te pene = Please give me the pen.
Conversation
How questions kei te pēhea....
Kei te pēhea koe? How are you?
Kei te pai au I am good
Kei te pēhea ia?
Kei te māngere ia!
From questions (nō)
Nō hea mai koe?
Nō Ranana (London) au
Nō hea mai a Jack?
Nō Kānata (Canada) a Jack
Story - Journal Entry
I tētahi rā, ka haere atu au ki Hawai`i. He wāhi ātaahua a Hawai`i. Kei te
noho i reira tōku tuakana, ko Tungāne tōna ingoa. Kei te noho ia i te taone nui,
i Honolulu.
Ka pati atu au ki a ia, kia homai e ia he maika māku (he tū hua whenua). Ka pati pēnei atu au ki a ia -
'E tōku tuakana, homai koa he maika māku. Ka nui tōku hiakai i roto i tōku puku.'
Ka whakaae a ia ki tāku patihanga.
He ākonga tōku tuakana i te whare wānanga o Hawai`i. Ko tā te Hawai`i kupu nō te whare wānanga,
ko te 'Kula Nui'. I ngā wā o mua, he kīngitanga a Hawai`i. Ko Kāmehameha te kīngi tuatahi.
He maha ngā huarahi i Hawai'i.
He maha ngā waka i reira, e haere noa ana.
Ka mea atu au ki tōku tuakana 'kei te hiahia au ki te haere ki Hawai`i, ko tā te Marikena
ingoa, ko te Big Island. Ka mea mai ia 'e kāo'. He nui rawa te utu
He nui te aroha o tōku tuakana ki ōna hoa tata. Ā tētahi rā, ka hiahia
au ki te hoki atu ki Hawai`i, ki O`ahu, ko te wāhi e noho ana tōku tuakana.
Grammar
Manner particles - Rawa, koa, noa
Noa means 'freely, just, vainly'. The context that this word is postposed to the verb will define what it actually means. Refer to this Cook Islands Māori thread, with regards to it's equivalent `ua.
Ka haere noa au i tēnei whenua - I vainly/just/freely went about this land.
T.A.M. markers
Ka - Aspect marker, consecutive events
Ka, unlike Cook Islands Māori TAM 'ka', can be used in any tense. It is often used for consecutive events in a row, as, repetition of TAM is often avoided in Māori. This is called 'ka' conjunction. After, in listing consecutive events, ā is used as well. Let's look at the following examples for how 'ka' is used -
ka noho au - I will/am/ stay(ed)
ka kai au - I ate/am eating/will eat
I haere au ki Honolulu, ā, ka kai au i te poi.
I went to Honolulu and ate poi.
For more information, please refer to the Cook Islands Māori thread.
Kei te - Present tense
Kei te is the East coast version of the present continuous tense, and has been the form used so far in these lessons.
Kei te pēhea koe? How are you?
E....ana - continuous tense
On the West coast however, e action ana is preferred over kei te. E action ana is the continuous tense, and therefore, can be used in any tense since it is not restricted. For example -
e tangi ana au - I am crying, I was crying, I will be crying
All of the above are legitimate translations. Context will decide whether the e action ana is set in the past, present or future. Generally however, it is set in the present by default. To ask 'how are you' in the West coast variation, you say 'e pēhea ana koe?'. And the appropriate response will replace 'pēhea' in the phrase, for example 'e pai ana au'.In other words, in the present tense, kei te and e.....ana do the same function.
Vocabulary
Kīngi - King
Maha - many
Taone nui - City
Hoa tata - Neighbours
Wāhi - place
Whare Wānanga - University
Pati- to request
Patihanga - a request
Posted: 2005-10-16, 18:05
by Stan
riki I'm not sure how to pronounce "wh", do you have any sound files that would be helpful?
I don't know the difference between an English f and a "soft f"
Posted: 2005-10-16, 21:33
by Ariki
ok I'll try and knock something up for all of you to listen to.
Posted: 2005-10-16, 23:49
by Egein
I'd really like to join this. I have a sudden interest in maori and i think this is the most pleasing looking version, although I have no idea what you mean by soft f (wh).
I would rather have all the grammar thrown at me first and then look at dialogs.
But still, kei te pai au.
Posted: 2005-10-16, 23:56
by Egein
E mārama ana au i he maha kupu hou ākuanei.
I hope this made sens.
Not so sure about the "i".
Posted: 2005-10-18, 22:52
by Ariki
You are right about the grammar and what not. I've been working on a newer lesson that has more grammar, and should bring this up to speed with Cook Islands Māori grammar. Please be patient people, I have two essays due in this week...and then I'm free....and you have me all until summer school
!
I'll try and post the 6th lesson and get some decent replies to the posts that have been made here.
Ka pai? Cool
Posted: 2005-10-19, 4:45
by Ariki
Lesson 6
Kōrerorero
(We're at Hine's house, and the phone rings).
Hine: Kia Ora!
Rehua: Kia ora e hoa. Kei te pēhea koe?
Hine: E pai ana au. E pēwhea ana koe?
Rehua: Kei te pai. Kei te aha koe i tēnei wā?
Hine: E haere atu ana au ki waho ngaki ai. E aha ana koe?
Rehua: Kei te mātakitaki au i te pouaka whakaata Māori.
Hine: E mātakitaki ana koe i Te Kāea?
Rehua: Āe.
Hine: Ka nui tōku aroha ki te wahine kua māuiui. Kia ora a ia.
Rehua: Āe. Āpōpō e haere tonu atu ana koe ki te karapu?
Hine: Āe. Me haere atu au i tēnei wā. Hei kona mai.
Rehua: Āe.
Object Marker I
The particle I, is used very much the same way in New Zealand Māori as it is in Cook Islands Māori. Below are some examples, of how i is used.
It always marks the direct object, no matter where it occurs in the sentence. There are no nominative or accusative cases in NZ Māori.
Kei te kai au i te ika.
I'm eating the fish
I in Māori marks 'te ika', 'the fish'. We see that the subject case is marked with 0 (au). The subject case and the object case, however, can be switched around to a VOS order with no change in meaning -
Kei te kai i te ika au
However, that is not the usual construction for simple sentences in Māori.
'I' also means 'for' in terms of when an item is not being possessed e.g. kei te tangi atu nei au i a koe e te whaea - I cry for you mum. Ki, can also be substituted for 'I'.
The article 'he', can not proceede the object marker 'i'. If you are going to use 'he', you must use it without the object marker 'i'.
Anaphoric Particle - Ai
Ai can be tricky for even the most diligent student of Polynesian languages. The first use of 'ai'will be the location emphasis use that it has. For example -
Ka haere atu au ki te whare wānanga ako ai
I go to university to learn there.
The bolded parts of the sentences show what 'ai' translates in to in this location emphasis construction. The underlying sentence to this is -
Ka haere atu au ki te ako i te whare wānanga.
Here. we have deleted the locative particle 'i', switched whare wānanga and ako around, and then placed 'ai' after ako to show that a change in the sentence construction has taken place.
Manner Particles - Rawa, Koa, Noa, Tonu
Tonu
This is used for actions that are continuous in nature. For example - ka whawhai tonu mātou - We will always fight, we will fight forever.
Tonu also can mean 'straight away' in a series of consecutive events - ka tae atu mātou ki Rarotonga, ka haere tonu atu a ia kia kite i a Wahine (We arrived at Rarotonga, and she went straight away to see Wahine).
Kia/Ki te complements
Kia - Considerative, be
Kia is used with verbs, and can mean 'to, be, let's'. This all depends on the context of when it is used.
The most famous example of the use of kia in Eastern Polynesian languages, is the NZ Māori greeting 'kia ora' (lit. be alive!). Kia ora also means 'get better' (in terms of wishing someone good health who is sick).
Exercise
Translate the above conversation in to English.
vocabulary
karapu - club
māuiui - to be sick
ngaki - to garden, to weed
pouaka whakaata - television
mātakitaki - watch
Posted: 2005-10-19, 4:48
by Ariki
Egein wrote:
E mārama ana au i he maha kupu hou ākuanei.
Your sentence construction is not too bad, considering that I hadn't explained yet the use of the direct object marker 'i' yet.
I take it you meant 'I (will) understand a lot of the new words soon' ?
Posted: 2005-10-20, 21:15
by Egein
exactly. I tried...as i have no idea what the real use of "i" is.
how bad is it?
Posted: 2005-10-24, 1:16
by Ariki
It was absolutely terrible!
Just kidding! It wasn't that bad, I mean, if I could try to translate a reasonable English sentence out of it, that must count for something.
'I (will) understand a lot of the new words soon'
I would translate it (or rather, say it naturally) as -
'Ākuanei ka māramangia e au he maha ngā kupu hōu'.
However, the following also mean the same -
Ākuanei e māramangia ai e au he maha ngā kupu hōu'
He maha ngā kupu hōu e māramangia nei e au.
You must understand, that you undertook a mighty effort in trying to compose a sentence in Māori, which most 1st year students of Māori struggle with.
Also, the sentence you tried to produce is one not naturally heard in Māori (obviously). So, I give credit to you. There is particularly a lot of grammar that hasn't been discussed yet which will aid you in understanding why I would say that sentence the way I have in Māori. Please keep an eye out for my explanations which will come in a few days (first exam this Saturday, then I'm free for a whole two weeks).
Posted: 2006-06-04, 5:40
by Mamo
I'm a Hawaiian language student, but Maori is an interesting language. I was wondering if I could participate in this.