9a) When you use
mazzi "
can" (or other
modal verbs), then you should use infinitive.
as mazzi bilītun
"I can speak"as turri bilītun
"I must speak"
mennei prawerru bilītun
"I should speak"b) the
Past Active Participleis formed by adding -
uns / -
wuns (masc) and -
usi (fem) to a past verbal stem.
For example,
ēitwei "to go" in past tense has a stem
gūb-.
So Past Active Participles will be:
tāns gūbuns (he's gone)
tenā gūbusi (she's gone)
tennan gūbus (it gone)You can find all these here (in the end):
http://prusaspira.ez.lv/wirdeins?bila=1 ... C4%93itweiAnd if you click the blue "gūbuns", you will see all forms in all cases and genders.
c)
the Past & Perfect past tensesWe have many verbs which have no past forms. For example,
treptwei:
tēnti as treppa "now i step"
bītan as treppa "yesterday i stepped"Here is the same form for the both (Presence and Past) tenses.
In the case we want to emphasize that the action was in the Past, we use the Past Active Participle:
bītan as treppunsIf we want to emphasize that the action was finished we can use
Past Perfect:
as asma treppuns "I have stepped"
as bēi treppuns "I had stepped"d)
Future tenseWīrst + past active participle As wīrst gūbuns
"I will come"
tenā wīrst treppusi
"she will step"But in English you don't form Future in subordinate clause beginning with "when", "as soon as" and in conditional with "if", "unless" and so on.
In Prussian we form in these cases Future tense:
as wīrst būwuns deiwūtan, kaddan as wīrst bilīwuns prūsiskai
"I will be happy when I speak Prusiian"XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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māise email'an ast
polarkitty@gmail.com, tū mazzi pertenginna deīktan.
- tū mazzi pertengīntun.
Jā, as bēi tengīnuns tebbei tekstan, kawīdan mazīngi klausītun.mes mazzimai waițāi stwen biskin, ik tū kwaitēi.
- mes mazzimai waiţātweipanzdauma nakts, as bandāi iztarītun prūsiskans wīrdans.
- panzdaumanin naktin as bandāwuns iztarītun prūsiskans wīrdansas mazzi enpeisātun perwaidīnsnan adder ka nika.
-jā, madli, enpeisāis. As wīrst klausīwuns kāigi tebbei ēit.oh, as mīri sta ast lāngu tērpautun wirdeīnan en laītawisku. tēnti as studijja biskin laītawiskan!
- as nadruwēi, kāi prūsiska bilā ni wīrst kūmpinusi tebbei mukīntun laītawiskan.sta ast interessanti wīdātun palīguns wīrdans.
- jā, turri būtwei sūit tūlin paligwāi wīrdai.
as jāute labbai bilāi prūsiskan, ikāi dabber sta ast ni labban.
as pastāne deiwūtan kaddan bilāi prūsiskan.
- as wīrst pastāwuns deiwūtan, kaddan as wīrst bilīwuns prūsiskai.jā, as skaitāi kāigi tūlin prūsai immi miksiskans emnins.
- tīt dīgi prūsai immi laītawiskans emnins be pagaūwa bilītun laītawiskai en 17 be 18 mettasimtan.māise sēimjas turri miksiskans zmūnins, adder tenēi ni ast biolōgiskan.
- tū kwaitēi gērdautun, kāi genētiskai tenēi ni ast mikšai, tīt?māise tāwas immi sēimisemens av tenesse tāwas, be tenesse tāwas ni ast biolōgiskan.
- māise tāws immi swāise tāwas sēimisemnin, be tenesse tāws genētiskai ni bēi miksis. Tīt tū kwaitīwuns gērdautun anga as paprettuns ni tikrōmiskai?ripīnts rēizus as waițāi sēn māise annis, as prasijja ezze pawīstins.
- kittan rēizan as wīrst waiţāwuns sen swāise annin be as wīrst prasīwuns ezze stans pawīstins.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Bandāis tērpautun nawwan grammatikin, kaddan tū ka nika wīrst peisāwuns mennei.
Jā, būlai interessanti waīstun tūls ezze twāise annin - kwēi tenā buwīnusi en Prūsai. As mīri, tenā arwiskai dabber etmenna en kawīdsmu kāimu anga en kawīdsmu mīstu tenā stwi buwīnusi. Ik as waīda stan deīktan as mazzi gerbtun tebbei ka stwen ast tēnti anga tengīntun auīmsenins.