Last word in a foreign language that you learnt 2

[md0]

It must be etymologically related to Consortium too
The French Wikipedia has a particularly straightforward definition

Un Konzern est un terme allemand pour désigner une association d'entreprises qui associe concentration horizontale et concentration verticale. Le mot désigne la forme allemande de contrôle familial sur des entreprises qui restent juridiquement distinctes.

[Linguaphile]

Due to the Berlin Elections/Expropriation Referendum, I kept hearing the word Konzern (e.g. große Immobilienkonzerne) a lot. My naive interpretation was "interests", as in "business interests" - a somewhat loaded term to be expected by expropriation advocates (very similar to Greek "συμφέροντα", literally "interests"). Close, but not quite. It just means "group of companies", or "όμιλος" in Greek.

It's konserni in Finnish. I didn't know it was borrowed from German before your post.

Wiktionary says German borrowed it from English.

It's kontsern in Estonian, концерн in Russian. And.. concern in English.
But in English, the word "concern" is sometimes used to refer to a single business rather than a group of businesses. In German, Estonian, etc. it is used to refer to a group.
After looking on Wikipedia for more info my guess is that maybe the reason English has slightly different usage is because the specific concept it describes isn't as common in English-speaking countries (or the United States) to begin with? Wikipedia specifically says it's common in Europe, and even mentions Germany and the German word for it.

A concern (German: Konzern) is a type of business group common in Europe, particularly in Germany. It results from the merger of several legally independent companies into a single economic entity under unified management.

This meaning of "a business group" or "group of companies" is how it is used in Estonian too:

kontsern
juriidiliselt iseseisvate ettevõtete ühendus, mille liikmed sõltuvad oluliselt keskjuhtkonnast.
Liitsõnad: autokontsern, tööstuskontsern, keemiakontsern, naftakontsern.

kontsern
an association of legally independent businesses, whose members depend heavily on central management.
automobile concern, industrial concern, chemical concern, oil concern

Then in English we have the usage that Oxford gives, in which it is not necessarily an association or group but can be just a single business:

a business; a firm.
"a small, debt-ridden concern"
Similar: company, business, firm, enterprise, venture, organization, operation, undertaking, industry, corporation

I came across the word concern in English while reading in the past week or two in the context of something like "he owns a very successful concern," but I remember it because it's not especially common in (American) English. I didn't have any trouble understanding it and I'd heard the usage before, but even so, I kind of looked at it funny and thought "I wonder why we call it a 'concern'..." so it's funny that this thread came up today. In (American) usage (in my experience) its usage is not so common that it sounds natural to me; when I read it a while ago, in the back of my mind I was still thinking of the other meaning of "concern" and wondering if the etymology has something to do with being concerned about the business. (Because, yeah, I do tend to wonder about etymologies of random words while reading.)

[Rí.na.dTeangacha]

decepar - to cut, chop up, chop off, butcher

[Dormouse559]

decepar - to cut, chop up, chop off, butcher

For a second, I wondered if that was related to French dépecer, which means the same things. That kind of metathesis wouldn't be unheard of, but, alas, turns out the two have different roots.


Belgian French
horeca nm - ~hospitality, specifically hotels and food service (< hôtellerie + restaurant + café)
piétonnier adj/nm - (adj) pedestrian, pedestrianized; (n) pedestrian zone/street

Wiktionnaire specifies that the noun use of piétonnier is particular to Belgium.


qualitatif adj - qualitative; high-quality

The Académie Française proscribes using qualitatif to mean "high quality".

Comment le piétonnier bruxellois est devenu la "Malbouffe Valley"
Destiné à être la vitrine de Bruxelles, le piétonnier échoue à installer un Horeca qualitatif.

How the Brussels pedestrian zone became "Fast Food Valley"
Intended as the showcase of Brussels, the pedestrian zone has failed to produce high-quality hospitality offerings

[Rí.na.dTeangacha]

decepar - to cut, chop up, chop off, butcher

For a second, I wondered if that was related to French dépecer, which means the same things. That kind of metathesis wouldn't be unheard of, but, alas, turns out the two have different roots.

Wow, quite the coincidence! I'd have thought the same.

estiagem - a drought
The only term I knew for this was "uma seca" (lit. "a dry"), it seems they are synonyms, estiagem seems to be of a more formal register.

[Car]

Belgian French
horeca nm - ~hospitality, specifically hotels and food service (< hôtellerie + restaurant + café)

That also exists in Dutch, not just in Belgium, but also in the Netherlands.

[vijayjohn]

خرما / खुरमा [xʊrˈma] - date, date-shaped dessert
کھانڈ / खांड [kʰaɳɖ] - coarse sugar

[Dormouse559]

Belgian French
horeca nm - ~hospitality, specifically hotels and food service (< hôtellerie + restaurant + café)

That also exists in Dutch, not just in Belgium, but also in the Netherlands.

And I just noticed it’s also used in Luxembourg. So a general Benelux word.

[vijayjohn]

credeau - they believed
im - mud, dirt, filth
lai - black
a depune - to put down
a arde - to burn
a mima - to imitate

From this song I posted on dEhiN's TAC once:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fp8cGrw203A
My best guess at transcribing and translating the first verse is:

Foaie verde-o viorea, măi! (O green sweet violet leaf!)
Toată lumea zice așa (Everyone says)
Că nu-i bună dragostea (That love isn't good).
Credeau că nu-i minciună (They believed it wasn't a lie)
Că dragostea nu e bună (That love wasn't good).
De lai mima să depune
Că a arde ca șuncări bune
I'm completely guessing with the last two lines. I have no idea what either is supposed to mean.

[Dormouse559]

hydrocution nf - cold shock (formed by analogy with électrocution)

Et les circonstances de la mort restent floues, le parquet d’Albertville nous a indiqué "ne pas savoir s’il s’agit d’une mort par hydrocution, d’une chute, ou d'une autre cause"

And the circumstances of the death remain uncertain; the Albertville prosecutor's office told us it "does not know if the death was the result of cold shock, a fall or another cause."

[vijayjohn]

游击战 yóujīzhàn - guerilla warfare
游击队 yóujīduì - guerilla forces
游擊戰 yóujízhàn - guerilla warfare
游擊隊 yóujíduì - guerilla forces

[aaakknu]

ballena - whale
lucirse - show off
reabastecer - replenish
podrido - rotten
atado - tied

[OldBoring]

游击战 yóujīzhàn - guerilla warfare
游击队 yóujīduì - guerilla forces
游擊戰 yóujízhàn - guerilla warfare
游擊隊 yóujíduì - guerilla forces

Wow I didn't know 击/擊 was pronounced with a 2^nd tone in Taiwan.

[Linguaphile]

un secreto a voces an open secret; a well-known secret
dicho sea de paso by the way; incidentally

[linguoboy]

a empentes i rodolons in fits and starts; with great difficulty. (Literally "by shoves and tumbles".)

[vijayjohn]

卑路斯三世 Bēilùsī Sānshì - Peroz III
阿罗喊 Āluóhǎn - possibly Peroz III's brother, Bahram VII

[Rí.na.dTeangacha]

tornozeleira - ankle bracelet
(from tornozelo - "ankle", analogous to pulseira - "bracelet" from pulso - "wrist")

[Sarabi]

Yá'át'ééh fra navajo er det siste ordet som jeg har lært bra. Fordi jeg skrev flere innlegger og kommentarer om Navajo i natt og trengte noe å si på navajo i hvert innlegg.

[Dormouse559]

cul de poule / cul-de-poule nm - mixing bowl, particularly one made of metal (literally means "chicken ass")

[Linguaphile]

avión común common house martin (Delichon urbicum)

The book I was reading made a point of explaining it, "los aviones comunes (una especie de ave) chirriaban", which I thought was funny. I guess, if you don't know that this type of avión is a swallow and not an airplane....
It's a bird, it's a plane, it's a.... house martin!