Swedish Course

[Skurai]

Hi! This Is my first post here and i hope i will post alot more, I was bored and felt teaching swedish since well...I am swedish.

Some of these lessons are weird and might not be correct so please tell me what you think and please correct my mistakes when int comes to rules etc, it's hard to think of rules when you are a native you know

Anyways, the first lesson will be in the next post so please don't post anything inbetween this post and the next two.

[Skurai]

1.Pronunciation

(writen in X-SAMPA - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-SAMPA)
(i am not that sure about this stuff )

Vowels:
a short [a] long [A:]
i short [I] long [i:]
u short [8] long [}:]
e short [E] long [e:](i'm not sure..)
o short [O] or [U] long [o:] or [u:] (i'm not sure..)
y short [Y] long [y:]
å short [O] long [o:](not sure...)
ä short [e] long [E:] , short [{] long [{:] infront of [r]
ö short [2] long [2:]

Consonants:
b /b/
c [k] in front of hard vowels (a o u å), [s] in front of soft vowels (e i y ä ö)
d [d]
f [f]
g [g] in front of hard vowels, [j] in front of soft vowels vowels (not always)
h [h]
j [j]
k [k] in front of hard vowels, [s\] in front of hard vowels (not always)
l [l]
m [m]
n [n]
p [p]
q [k] sometimes considered not a part of the alphabet
r [r] Heavy dialectal variation, you can find [r 4 R [R\] and maybe others
[b]s [s]
t [t]
v [v]
w [v] sometimes considered not a part of the alphabet
x [ks]
z [s]

some other sounds:
[N] like in äng
[n`] like in hörn
[t`] like in mört
[s`] like in mars

until next lesson i recommend that you check this site for better pronunciation etc:D

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language

NEXT TIME:
Nouns part I and Pronouns

[Skurai]

Tell me what you think, I am still working on the second lesson but you can expect it to come to night.

[Aszev]

Vowels:
a short [a] long [A:]
i short [I] long [i:]
u short [8] long [}:] (not really [}:] but it is as close you get)
e short [e] long [e:]
o short [O] or [U] long [o:] or [u:]
y short [Y] long [y:]
å short [O] long [o:]
ä short [e] long [E:] , short [{] long [{:] in front of [r]
ö short [2] or [9] long [2:] or [9:], in front of [r], [2]>[9] or [9]>[{_O]

[Skurai]

Thanks Aszev, I wasn't too sure about the sounds.

[Rob P]

Wonderful! I've justed started to become interested in Swedish (PS I hope it wins Ulalemo!!!) and I'd love to follow this course!!

Rob

[Skurai]

Tahnks, the second lesson is comming tonight, i am still working on it

[Skurai]

Okay, heres the first draft for lesson 2, remember that itçs a draft so some of the rules might be wrong...
Anyways, enjoy!

2.Nouns part I and Pronouns

Okay welcome to lesson II, this time I will talk about pronouns and nouns, let's start shall we?

Okay first of all the basic pronouns:

I - Jag
You - Du
He - Han
She - Hon
It - Den

Thats the ones you need to know for now.

Now I will talk about nouns abit.
One could say that the nouns have 4 forms, but I will say 2 since the other 2 are just plural version of the first 2

Anyways, first we will talk about the first forms.

First we need some nouns that we can use:

Katt - Cat
Hund - Dog
Bord - Table

Okay first of all when learning nouns learn the en and ett that belongs to the noun.
I guess this is close to a in english, or un or una in spanish.

You might wonder why it is good to learn the en and ett with the noun, well simply because it can be hard for a non-native to know if you should use en or ett.

So here are the nouns we just learnt again:

En Katt - Cat
En Hund - Dog
Ett Bord - Table

Okay now that we have dicussed the en and ett stuff i guess we could talk about two other pronouns, my and your:

Min, Mitt - My
Din, Ditt - Your

The reason i'm bringing this up is so you can learn when to use Min and when to use Mitt.
It is really easy, remember the en and ett?
If the noun is a en noun then you should use Min, and if the noun is a ett noun you should use Mitt.
It's the same for Din,Ditt.
Din for En and Ditt for Ett:

Make these nouns min/mitt and din/ditt:

En Katt - Cat
En Hund - Dog
Ett Bord - Table

(remember to remove the en and the ett.)

Okay now, back to the nouns....

Now we will learn about plural!
Some words add er to the end and some add ar to the end and some add n to the end.

Katter - Cat
Hundar - Dog
Bord - Table

As you can see bord doesen't have a plural form.
Heres a n exampel:

Fiskspön

Now I will teach you how you know wich one to add:

If the noun is a en noun you usualy add ar to the end:
Stolar
Hundar
Öar

But some en nouns add er
to the end like katt
, but don't worry about that now.
Some add or
to the end, like Soffa
and Klocka
notice how they end in a
?
That means you take of the a
and add or
.

If the nouns is a
ett
noun you shouldn't add anything:
Bord
Jobb

Some nouns might not follow these rules but you shouldn't worry about that now.

Here are some nouns, remember them and then translate the sentences at the bottom:

Ett bord
- A table
En stol
- A chair
En klocka- A watch
Ett jobb - A Job
En hund - A dog
En katt - A cat
En bil - A car

Befor you translate the sentences i will teach you about the verb for to be wich is att vara:
Jag [b]är
Du är
Han är
Hon är
Den är

Min är
Mitt är
Din är
Ditt är

As you can see they are all är easy huh?

Now translat these sentences, write your answer in blue:

A car Is - __________
Tables - __________
A watch is - __________
My cat is blue(blå) - __________
I am(name) -__________

Next time I will teach you more about nouns and i will start to tell you about adjectives!

[Hunef]

This is how I would define the vowel sounds (using SAMPA):

Vowels:
a short [a] long [Q:]
i short [i] long [i:]
u short [8] long [}:] (not really [}:] but it is as close you get)
e short [E] long [e:], short [{] (and sometimes long [{:]) in front of [r]
o short [O] or [U] long [u:] or [o:]
y short [Y] long [y:]
å short [O] long [o:]
ä short [E] long [{:] , short [{] long [{:] in front of [r]
ö short [2] or [9] long [2:] or [9:], in front of [r], [2]>[9] or [9]>[{_O]

The boldfaced parts are my changes with respect to the definition given by Aszev.

NB: Some words with long pronunciation of the letter e when preceding r have the pronunciation [{:], e.g. those with the german prefix er- such as erbjuda v. 'offer', erkänna v. 'acknowledge; confess' etc.

[Skurai]

thanks, everybodys opinions are welcome

[Hunef]

Skurai: "Fiskspön"

Shouldn't it be fiskespön with -e- inserted since the noun in question is fiske 'fishing; fishery' rather than fisk? Personally I interpret "fiskspö" as some kind of outgrowth with a glowing tip attached on deep water predator fishes in order for them to attract preys.

[Hunef]

Skurai: "thanks, everybodys opinions are welcome"

I should've been more explicit. I wasn't presenting my opinion but rather facts. I know SAMPA and I know Swedish (as spoken in Svealand and Norrland, at least).

[Skurai]

My bad sorry....
Thanks for helping!

[Aszev]

Hunef, långa a är [A:]. e är kanske [E] på sina ställen men jag håller fast vid att standarden är [e], eller [e_x] om man vill vara precis

Hunef, long a is [A:]. e might be [E] at some places but I stick with that the standard is [e], or [e_x] if you want to be more precise

[Rob P]

Make these nouns min/mitt and din/ditt:

En Katt - Cat
En Hund - Dog
Ett Bord - Table

Min katt
Din katt
Min hund
Din hund
Mitt bord
Ditt bord

Now translat these sentences, write your answer in blue:

A car Is - __________
Tables - __________
A watch is - __________
My cat is blue(blå) - __________
I am(name) -__________

En bil är
Bord
En klocka är
Min katt är blå.
Jag är Robert.


Thanks again - I'm soo excited about this course! I love doing exercises too, they really help me the most I think.

Rob

[Rob P]

Also - I just wanted some extra practice, so I tried putting the nouns I learned into the plural from memory. Please make sure I didn't make any mistakes (I'll put these in green)


ett bord - bord
en stol - stolar
en klocka - klockor
ett jobb - jobb
en hund - hundar
en katt - katter
en bil - bilar

Thanks, Rob

[Kirk]

I've justed started to become interested in Swedish (PS I hope it wins Ulalemo!!!)

Jag hoppas det också

[Skurai]

Good job rob they were all correct, i guess the second lesson was good enough for now
I'll start writing on the third then
Btw, you may write your answeres in any color you want

[Skurai]

Here comes the third lesson!
Some rules might be wrong but for now stick to them until we find words that don't follow them:

2.Nouns part II and more Pronouns and Adjectives!

Welcome to lesson number III, i hope you enjoyed the other two lessons.

First of all I will teach you about the other possesive pronouns, we alrady learn MIN/MITT and DIN/DITT in the previous lesson.

Min, Mitt - My
Din, Ditt - Your
Hans - His
Hennes - Her

Remember them.
Do you remember the pronoun for It from the last lesson?
I told you it was Den, but sometimes it is Det, for example:
If you would say it is my car you would say DET är min bil, not DEN är min bil.
I won't get into that, atleast not for now but to see if you understood write this sentence:

It Is his cat - ________

Okay, now I will talk about nouns again, yaaaay!
Last time i tought you about the plural, now i will teach you about the the form as i will call it
Here Is an exampel -
The car - Bilen

As you can see all i did was adding en to the end.
Here are some more examples:
The cat - Katten
The dog - Hunden

As you can see I added en to the end again, this means that you add en to the end for most nouns.
But somes don't, like Fiskespö, on that on you add t, or et i'm not sure , to the end, other add n to the end like klocka and ö, but don't worry about that for now, just remember that fiskespö add t to the end and for now think of the other nouns that ends in a vowel that you should add an n.
Btw, the ett nouns like bord and jobb add et to the end.
Nouns that ends in r should just add n.

Try this with these nouns:
Ett bord - A table
En stol - A chair
En klocka - A watch
Ett jobb - A Job
En hund - A dog
En katt - A cat
En bil - A car
En ödla - A lizard
En dator - A computor
Ett liv - A life
En dag - A day
En stjärna - A star
En sol - A sun
En planet - A planet

Okay, now that you have learned the singular form of the the form it's time to learn the plural form of this form.
Heres and exampel:
The cars - Bilarna
as you can see that I add arna to the end, this goes for the en nouns that ends in a consonants, if it ends in a vowel change that vowel to o and add rna.
If the noun is a Ett noun add en to the end.
I am not sure about this rule but if the en noun ends in a r or a t add erna.

Try this with these nouns:
Ett bord - A table
En stol - A chair
En klocka - A watch
Ett jobb - A Job
En hund - A dog
En katt - A cat
En bil - A car
En ödla - A lizard
En dator - A computor
Ett liv - A life
En dag - A day
En stjärna - A star
En sol - A sun
En planet - A planet

Now comes the adjectives!
The adjetives can come after the noun or before, well...kind of -
The chair is red - Stolen är röd
A red chair - En röd stol

As you can see the order is basically like englsih so thats all you need for now, except...that the adjectives takes on a plural form if the noun is plural, simply add a to the end to do this.
Learn these adjectives and then translate the sentences on the bottom:

Röd - Red
Blå - Blå
Grön - Grön
Vit - White
Svart - Black
Brun - Brown
Mörk - Dark
Ljus - Light(this is also a noun meaning candle)
Smart - Smart
Lång - Tall
Kort - Short

Here are the sentences:
A tall man(man)* is not(inte) short - _____________
The dogs are smart - _____________

Now I have another excersize for you, make three sentences on your own using the words you learned, here are some more words you can use:
Och - And
Pojke - Boy
Flicka -Girl

*this is a en noun, remember that this comes first in this kind of sentences.

[Rob P]

It Is his cat - ________

Det är hans katt.

Try this with these nouns:
Ett bord - A table
En stol - A chair
En klocka - A watch
Ett jobb - A Job
En hund - A dog
En katt - A cat
En bil - A car
En ödla - A lizard
En dator - A computor
Ett liv - A life
En dag - A day
En stjärna - A star
En sol - A sun
En planet - A planet

bordet
stolen
klockan
jobbet
hunden
katten
bilen
ödlan
datorn
livet
dagen
stjärnan
solen
planeten

Try this with these nouns:
Ett bord - A table
En stol - A chair
En klocka - A watch
Ett jobb - A Job
En hund - A dog
En katt - A cat
En bil - A car
En ödla - A lizard
En dator - A computor
Ett liv - A life
En dag - A day
En stjärna - A star
En sol - A sun
En planet - A planet

borden
stolarna
klockorna
jobben
hundarna
katterna
bilarna
ödlorna
datorerna
liven
dagarna
stjärnorna
solarna
planeterna

Here are the sentences:
A tall man(man)* is not(inte) short - _____________
The dogs are smart - _____________

En lång man är inte kort.
Hundarna är smarta.

Now I have another excersize for you, make three sentences on your own using the words you learned, here are some more words you can use:
Och - And
Pojke - Boy
Flicka -Girl

Bilarna är blåa och är inte gröna.
Pojken är lång och flickan är kort.
Hundarna är mörka och katterna är svarta och vita.

Rob