Suomi - Razlem

[razlem]

Terve! Minä olen Razlem

This is going to be my reference point/archive for my Finnish studies. I'll have dozens of questions about grammar and vocab and all that good stuff

Everything below is just a reference for myself (but feel free to correct me if I'm wrong).

Case Reference
nominatiivi - talo, talot
akkusatiivi - talo/talon, talot
partitiivi - taloa, taloja
genitiivi - talon, talojen
inessiivi - talossa, taloissa
adessiivi - talolla, taloilla
translatiivi - taloksi, taloiksi

Pronoun Declension
nominatiivi-
minä
sinä
hän / se
me

genitiivi-
minun
sinun
hänen
meidän

akkusatiivi
minut
sinut
hänet
meidät

partitiivi
minua
sinua
häntä
meitä

adessiivi
minulla
sinulla
hänellä
meillä

Conjugation
Present Indicative
(minä) puhun, en puhu
(sinä) puhut, et puhu
(hän) puhuu, ei puhu
(me) puhumme, emme puhu

[razlem]

Am I understanding the akkusatiivi/partitiivi correctly?

akk: Hän juo vesi - He drinks the water (completely)
part: Hän juo vettä - He drinks the water (an uncountable amount)

[Virankannos]

Yes, that is the main difference between accusative and partitive. But do note: accusative singular usually looks like the genitive (in some instances it coincides with the nominative).

Hän juo veden 'S/he drinks/will drink the water (completely)'
Hän juo vettä 'S/he drinks/is drinking (some) water'

So your case reference list should actually look like this:

akkusatiivi - talo/talon, talot

[razlem]

Kiitos

[razlem]

Some basic sentences to get some more practice with inflection:

Minä syön keitton - I eat the soup (akkusatiivi)
Minä en syö keitta - I do not eat the soup (partitiivi)
Me juomme vettä - We drink water (partitiivi)
Me emme juo veden - We don't drink the water (akkusatiivi)
Hänellä ovat koirat - He/She has dogs
Hänellä eivät ole koirat - He/She doesn't have dogs
Sinä olet talossani - You are in my house
Sinä et ole talossani - You are not in my house

[lumiel]

Minä syön keiton - I eat the soup (akkusatiivi)

Consonant gradation tt > t occurs here.

Minä en syö keittoa - I do not eat the soup (partitiivi)

Me emme juo vettä - We don't drink the water (akkusatiivi)

The partitive case is always used in negative sentences.

Hänellä on koiria - He/She has dogs

Hänellä ei ole koiria - He/She doesn't have dogs

In possessive "X has Y" constructions, the verb 'olla' is always (in "definite", inverted clauses this may vary but let's not go there yet ) in the third person singular, regardless of the number of subjects or objects. The nominative 'koirat' here would mean that "she has THE dogs" whereas 'koiria' means dogs in general.

I hope I didn't confuse you too much.

[leke]

I think the partitive is also used when referring to number greater then one. Like...
I have two dogs :: Minulla on kaksi koiraa (partitive).
and also when using "many"...
I have many dogs :: Minulla on monta koiraa (partitive).

*Disclaimer: Not a native.

[razlem]

I hope I didn't confuse you too much.

Hehe, you did a bit, but it's good because I'm learning from my mistakes

[Miumau]

I think the partitive is also used when referring to number greater then one. Like...
I have two dogs :: Minulla on kaksi koiraa (partitive).
and also when using "many"...
I have many dogs :: Minulla on monta koiraa (partitive).

*Disclaimer: Not a native.

Correct a numeral in singular nominative is always followed by the partitive case in singular (except for "yksi", which is followed by singular nominative).