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Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 10:02
by dEhiN
Hola a todos! Tengo dos preguntas para ustedes. I was looking through my old notes to add vocab to Anki, and came across some Spanish notes from a course I took. I wrote down the following:
Code: Select all
estar/ser manco (=sin mano)
cojo (limping)
ciego (blind)
sordo (deaf)
mudo (mute)
soltero (single)
casado (married)
divorsiado (divorced)
separado (separated)
viudo (widowed)Firstly, is what I wrote correct - both the spelling and English meanings? Secondly, I'm not sure which verb
estar or
ser should be used with each. I assume
ser, since all those states seem to me to be permanent. But which verb should I use? Muchas gracias en avancado.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 14:48
by Antea
En una palabra hay un error. Se escribe "divorciado" (con C).
Luego, yo diría " ser manco, ser sordo" es una discapacidad: like "being deaf" is.....
And "estoy sorda porque hay tanto ruido que no oigo nada". O "estoy sorda porque tengo una otitis y me duele mucho la oreja". It's like, more in the present moment. Or "estoy soltero", "estoy casado" (like, nowadays). But you can also say "estoy viudo" o "soy viudo".
Altough a native, as I'm not a linguist is difficult for me to explain why, or which rules apply. For me it's just like because it sounds better
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 15:52
by dEhiN
Antea wrote:En una palabra hay un error. Se escribe "divorciado" (con C).
Gracias.
Antea wrote:Luego, yo diría " ser manco, ser sordo" es una discapacidad: like "being deaf" is.....
And "estoy sorda porque hay tanto ruido que no oigo nada". O "estoy sorda porque tengo una otitis y me duele mucho la oreja". It's like, more in the present moment. Or "estoy soltero", "estoy casado" (like, nowadays). But you can also say "estoy viudo" o "soy viudo".
Altough a native, as I'm not a linguist is difficult for me to explain why, or which rules apply. For me it's just like because it sounds better
Entonces, puedo utilizar "ser" o "estar" con todas esas palabras, es depende en el contexto?
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 17:16
by Linguaphile
dEhiN wrote:Entonces, puedo utilizar "ser" o "estar" con todas esas palabras, es depende en el contexto?
Sí.
Además: aunque a veces se usa "mudo" para decir "sordo", en realidad refiere a una persona que no habla
(mute), no a una persona que no escucha. Yo lo traduciría como "mute" en vez de "deaf".
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 17:20
by Antea
Linguaphile wrote:Además: aunque a veces se usa "mudo" para decir "sordo"
Seguramente te refieres a "sordomudo".
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 17:26
by dEhiN
Linguaphile wrote:dEhiN wrote:Entonces, puedo utilizar "ser" o "estar" con todas esas palabras, es depende en el contexto?
Sí.
Además: aunque a veces se usa "mudo" para decir "sordo", en realidad refiere a una persona que no habla
(mute), no a una persona que no escucha. Yo lo traduciría como "mute" en vez de "deaf".
Gracias y tienes razón! Estuvo un error o una errata de mío.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-01-24, 17:28
by Antea
dEhiN wrote:Entonces, puedo utilizar "ser" o "estar" con todas esas palabras, es depende en el contexto?
Sí, depende de la frase. Por ejemplo, puedo decir "este chico es mudo" o "es sordo". Pero también puedo decir: "Este chico no se da cuenta de que esa amistad no le conviene; está ciego". O algo así como "no me escuchas, estás sordo". El uso del verbo "ser" diría que se emplea más para una situación en general (ser mudo, ser sordo), y el verbo "estar", para mí, es más como "actualmente" está o se encuentra en esta circunstancia.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 3:28
by vijayjohn
I think
cojo might be better translated as 'lame' or 'crippled'.
Also, I'm going to attempt a couple of corrections:
dEhiN wrote:Linguaphile wrote:dEhiN wrote:Entonces, puedo utilizar "ser" o "estar" con todas esas palabras, es depende en del contexto?
Sí.
Además: aunque a veces se usa "mudo" para decir "sordo", en realidad refiere a una persona que no habla
(mute), no a una persona que no escucha. Yo lo traduciría como "mute" en vez de "deaf".
Gracias y tienes razón!
Estuvo Fue un error o una errata
de mío
/mía.
I'm not sure people use
errata in Spanish much more than they do in English. I'd just say
fue un error mío.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 6:11
by dEhiN
vijayjohn wrote:I think cojo might be better translated as 'lame' or 'crippled'.
Gracias!
vijayjohn wrote:Also, I'm going to attempt a couple of corrections:
dEhiN wrote:Estuvo Fue un error o una errata de mío/mía.
I'm not sure people use
errata in Spanish much more than they do in English. I'd just say
fue un error mío.
Por qué utilizaste ser y no estar?
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 6:55
by Antea
I use "errata" when I'm referring to a written or printed error, an error of typo or an ortographic error. At the end of books, articles or texts, sometimes they include a section called "Fe de erratas", where they include a list of all the ortographic errors or typo errors.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 7:08
by vijayjohn
So would you use
errata for an error you made in writing a forum post, too?
That "Fe de erratas" section is called simply "errata" in English (plural of Latin
erratum). That's the one context where I've seen it most commonly in English.
dEhiN wrote:vijayjohn wrote:Also, I'm going to attempt a couple of corrections:
dEhiN wrote:Estuvo Fue un error o una errata de mío/mía.
I'm not sure people use
errata in Spanish much more than they do in English. I'd just say
fue un error mío.
Por qué utilizaste ser y no estar?
Porque no se usa
estar en este contexto. *shrugs*
It might be motivated by the idea that if some statement (or something) is wrong, it will always be wrong; it can be corrected, but the original (statement or whatever) is still wrong. It might perhaps also be motivated by the fact that
estar is used in Spanish to indicate location among other things, and IIRC it's possible to say something like
¿tu mamá está? to mean 'is your mom here/there/(at) home?' so maybe
estuvo un error could be interpreted to mean something like 'a mistake appeared', idk.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 7:21
by Antea
vijayjohn wrote:So would you use errata for an error you made in writing a forum post, too?
Yes, I can say "Me dado cuenta de que hay una errata en este post", for example. I can also say "hay un
vijayjohn wrote:Porque no se usa estar en este contexto
error".
"Estuvo un error", is totally incorrect. Nobody says that. We say "fue un error / ha sido un error".
But you can say "Este texto está equivocado".
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2017-02-19, 10:15
by dEhiN
Antea wrote:vijayjohn wrote:Porque no se usa estar en este contexto
"Estuvo un error", is totally incorrect. Nobody says that. We say "fue un error / ha sido un error".
But you can say "Este texto está equivocado".
Gracias! Y creo que entiendo el objetivo de estar en su frase y ser en "fue un error".
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 8:42
by langmon
Antea wrote:"Estuvo un error", is totally incorrect. Nobody says that. We say "fue un error / ha sido un error".
But you can say "Este texto está equivocado".
For what reason is "estuvo" entirely being avoided in this case?
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 16:21
by Antea
Because it’s a mistake.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 16:45
by langmon
Antea wrote:Because it’s a mistake.
Well, this is what already has been said before
.
But as for some of the non-natives of Spanish (like myself), it also could be of additional benefit to know at least a bit about the _underlying_ reason. I.e. anything beyond "this simply isn't said that way". Because this can be one of the ways to really make it sticky (comparable to a "sticky" forum post) in one's memory.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 16:51
by langmon
Or more precisely: estuvo is the "estar" pretérito perfecto simple of "él/ella".
For what _underlying reason, other than "it simply isn't said that way"_ would Spanish natives avoid using that particular tense when they want to say "there was an error"?
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 17:12
by linguoboy
SomehowGeekyPolyglot wrote:Or more precisely: estuvo is the "estar" pretérito perfecto simple of "él/ella".
For what _underlying reason, other than "it simply isn't said that way"_ would Spanish natives avoid using that particular tense when they want to say "there was an error"?
For the underlying reason that
ser is preferred in identity clauses.
As Vijay says, a mistake is a mistake. That's its identity. It doesn't cease being a mistake simply by virtue of being corrected later. A text can contain mistakes which make it incorrect and those mistakes can be removed (hence Antea's example of
este texto está equivocado), but those mistakes remain mistakes forever.
If you want to say "There used to be an error, but it's since been removed", you could use the
pretérito imperfecto, i.e.
estaba un error. But this is an example of the use of
estar to indicate location, not identity, and is a fundamentally different case than what you're asking about.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 17:15
by Antea
It’s about the right verb and the right conjugation. Why in English you don’t say “It was did an error”, for example? Because it’s a mistake, and it’s not the right conjugation.
Re: Tengo dos preguntas
Posted: 2018-11-16, 17:18
by Antea
linguoboy wrote:[
If you want to say "There used to be an error, but it's since been removed", you could use the pretérito imperfecto, i.e. estaba un error ”Había un error”