Language Course

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pa-integral
Language Course

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-14, 17:53

Bon dia!

Welcome to the Catalan Course!
Here you will be able to:

1. Follow a Catalan Course

2. Ask your doubts about anything concerning Catalan.

3. Translate anything you need into Catalan.

The web page of the course: http://cat.unilang.org/
Last edited by pa-integral on 2003-07-21, 19:33, edited 1 time in total.

pa-integral

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-14, 18:07

I will write the Course in green colour, so those who come for the first time will be able to read only the Course and not those messages which doesn't belong to the Course.

That's why I would like nobody to use THESE GREEN COLOUR not to confuse the begginners. You are free to use any of the rest of the colours.

[/code]

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Hello!

Postby Strigo » 2003-01-14, 19:49

Hello Pa-Integral!!

I would like to learn Català. I think it is a very beautiful and nice language to learn, I just know a cruel tongue twister in català.
I will be your pupil, so add me to your class!!

Adeus!
Carlos
Aquí es donde traduzco diariamente música israelí del hebreo al español

[flag]cl[/flag] native; [flag]en[/flag] fluent; [flag]il[/flag] lower advanced ; [flag]pt-BR[/flag] read fluently, understand well, speak not so badly (specially after some Itaipava); recently focusing on [flag]sv[/flag][flag]ar[/flag] and I promised myself to finish my [flag]ru[/flag] New Penguin Russian Course: A Complete Course for Beginners in less than a month (12/oct/2013). Wants to wake up one day speaking [flag]ka[/flag][flag]lt[/flag] and any Turkic language.

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Postby Car » 2003-01-14, 21:23

I'd like to learn Català, too. The language looks really interesting and since I'm a fan of FC Barcelona, it interests me even more.

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Jo també

Postby Fenek » 2003-01-14, 22:41

Jo també voldria estar un alumno! :P

pa-integral

LESSON 1

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-15, 17:08

Hola! ;D
I'm glad you all want to learn Catalan! It will be fun :D I need to know what languages you understand/speak, so then I know in what languages I can write the examples.
Enter and have fun!




LESSON 1 / LLIÇÓ 1: The article / L'article


In Catalan, we've got three articles to determinate things:

EL --> It is used for the masculine words. Its plural is ELS
Example: El noi / Els nois (The boy / The boys)

LA --> It is used for the feminine words. Its plural is LES
Example: La noia / Les noies (The girl / The girls)

L' --> It is used for those words which begin with a vowel. The plural form is ELS or LES, whether it is feminine or masculine.
Example: L'ombra / Les ombres (The shadow / The shadows)



Then, there are also the undefined words, which would be the same as 'A' in English (Sp. 'un/una', Fr. (un/une), Pr. (um/uma)):

UN --> For masculine words. Its plural is UNS.
Example: Un noi / Uns nois (A boy / Some boys)

UNA --> For feminine words. Its plural is UNES.
Example: Una noia / Unes noies (A girl / Some girls)

There is not apostroph form for this article.

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Postby E}{pugnator » 2003-01-15, 18:03

CATALÀ!!! Woohoo!!! Jo amo el català! (lengua)

I've been waiting for this moment for a long time!!! Since the VLS started i`ve been asking Poliglot for a Catalan class...Now he's gone...But at least pa-integral ressurged from the ashes and want to take the place his compatriot didn't want to!

I'm anxious to start it!

I have the TY book...You can give examples in any Romance language, since I more or less study most of them and know some...Comparisons with Spanish, French and Italian would be welcome...
Learning Georgian, Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Papiamentu from scratch. Trying to brush up my Norwegian up to an advanced level.

pa-integral

LESSON 1

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-15, 19:04

[LESSON 1 / LLIÇÓ 1]


Catalan words are usually shorter than any other Romance language. Adjectives are placed before the noun. Nouns can be feminin or masculine (as we saw when we learnt 'the article' which must have the same genre and number of the noun).
But, how can we know when a noun is feminine or masculine?

FEMININE NOUNS: They usually end in -a and make the plural with -es. You will rarely find any feminine noun which doesn't end in -a, although there are some...

MASCULINE NOUNS: They have several possible endings, like: -e (or any stressed vowel), -o (which is usually a word borrowed from Castilian), -[consonant], mainly.

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Postby Car » 2003-01-15, 21:04

Apart from German and English, I know some French and Spanish.

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Postby Fenek » 2003-01-17, 12:42

I can speak English and Italian.
I can understand French.

I have copied the lesson no. 1 to my copybook :)
Now it's time for some exercises :)


Una samarreta. Unes samarretes.
La samarreta. Les samarretes.
Un advocat. Uns advocats.
L'advocat. Els advocats.
Una opera. Unes operes.
L'opera. Les operes.
Un diccionari. Uns diccionaris.
El diccionari. Els diccionaris.

pa-integral

GREAT

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-17, 14:34

Fenek wrote:I can speak English and Italian.
I can understand French.

I have copied the lesson no. 1 to my copybook :)
Now it's time for some exercises :)


Una samarreta. Unes samarretes.
La samarreta. Les samarretes.
Un advocat. Uns advocats.
L'advocat. Els advocats.
Una opera. Unes operes.
L'opera. Les operes.
Un diccionari. Uns diccionaris.
El diccionari. Els diccionaris.


That's great! It's all correct except the word 'òpera', whose stress you didn't write. So the correct form would be:

Una òpera. Unes òperes.
L'òpera. Les òperes.

But that's not so important, since I'll explain everything about stresses much later.

pa-integral

LESSON 2

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-17, 14:54

LESSON 2: Plurals / LLIÇÓ 2: Plurals



For FEMININE words:

-Those words which end in -a, make the plural replacing this -a for -es.
Example: casa / cases (house / houses)

-Those words which end in -e, make the plural replacing this -e for -es.
Example: mare / mares (mother / mothers)

-Those words which end in an stressed vowel (like -à), make the plural replacing it for: VOWELL (not stressed)+NS.
Example: mà / mans (hand / hands)



-------------------------------------------------
You can find a dictionary Spanish - Catalan at this web page:
http://www.diccionarios.com/
-------------------------------------------------

There is also a Spanish - English dictionary, but I couldn't find any Catalan - English dictionary. Anyway... I'll keep looking for...




EXERCICE 1: Try to put an article and make the plural of the following words: finestra (window), porta (door), noia (girl), vida (life), bossa (bag), escola (school), organització (organisation), roda (wheel), bicicleta (bicycle), dona (woman), lluna (moon), unió (union), cadira (chair), mare (mother), taula (desk/table), poma (apple), estrella (star), habitació (room).

pa-integral

LESSON 2: Feminine plurals

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-17, 16:30

[LESSON 2: Feminine plurals / LLIÇÓ 2: Plurals Femenins]


However, you may have some problems with feminine (& masculine) words which end with some of the following endings. I will write this special endings and their respective plural form:

-ca / -ques
-ga / -gues
-qua / -qües
-gua / -gües
-tja / -tges
-ça / -ces





MASCULINE PLURAL FORMS: Most of them make the plural like feminine words:

sing. / plural

-E,-A / -ES
-È, -É / -ENS
-Ò, -Ó / -ONS
-Ú / -UNS (ù, ì, and á doesn't exist in the Catalan Alphabet)
-À / -ANS
-Í / -INS
-S / -SOS
-TX / -TXOS
-IX / -IXOS
-TG / -TJOS
-[the rest of the consonants] / -[+S] (example: fred / freds)







EXERCICE 2: Write the plural of the following words with any article you want. Genre is indicated in brackets:

Coixí (M) - Pillow
Llit (M) - Bed
Cara (F) - Face
Botó (M) - Button
Dit (M) - Finger
Llet (F) - Milk
Ordinador (M) - Computer
Llum (F) - Light
Blanc (M) - White (adj.)
Blanca (F) - White (adj.)
Cel (M) - Sky
Vaca (F) - Cow
Paraigua (M) - Umbrella
Platja (F) - Beach
Carrer (M) - Street
Ciutat (F) - City
Arròs (M) - Rice
Mar (M) - Sea
Oceà (M) - Ocean
País (M) - Country
Noi (M) - Boy
Noia (F) - Girl
Home (M) - Man
Vestit (M) - Dress
Negre (M) - Black (adj.)
Negra (F) - Black (adj.)
Concentració (F) - Concentration
Francès (M) - French (adj.)
Francesa (F) - French (adj.)

davisma1984

Postby davisma1984 » 2003-01-17, 22:13

Hi! I would like to join the course. I'm new here. I just registered today. I only speak English fluently. I have an advanced basic knowledge of French (does that make sense?).

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Postby Luís » 2003-01-17, 22:41

Here's a joke in Catalan I got in the mail :!: It's funny :lol: :twisted: :lol:

S'explica que quan Déu va crear el món, perquè els homes i les dones
prosperessin va decidir concedir-los dues virtuts. Així ho va fer.

ALS suïssos els va fer ordenats i complidors de la Llei.
ALS anglesos els va fer persistents i estudiosos.
ALS catalans els va fer treballadors i pacients.
ALS italians alegres i romàntics.
ALS francesos els va fer cultes i refinats.

I quan va arribar als espanyols, es va girar cap a l'àngel que prenia nota i
li va dir:

- "Els espanyols seran intel·ligents, bones persones i del Partit Popular"

Quan va acabar de crear el món, l'àngel li va dir a Déu:
- "Senyor, vas donar a tots els pobles dues virtuts i als espanyols
tres. Això farà que tinguin privilegis sobre tots els altres".

"Doncs és veritat. Bé... com que les virtuts divines no es poden treure, i
com que els espanyols en tenen tres, no podran tenir més de dues virtuts al mateix temps".

La cosa queda en què:

- L'espanyol que és del Partit Popular i bona persona, no pot ser intel·ligent.

- El que és intel·ligent i del Partit Popular, no pot ser bona persona.

- I el que és intel·ligent i bona persona, no pot ser del Partit Popular.
Quot linguas calles, tot homines vales

pa-integral

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-18, 15:22

Luis wrote:Here's a joke in Catalan I got in the mail :!: It's funny :lol: :twisted: :lol:

S'explica que quan Déu va crear el món, perquè els homes i les dones
prosperessin va decidir concedir-los dues virtuts. Així ho va fer.

ALS suïssos els va fer ordenats i complidors de la Llei.
ALS anglesos els va fer persistents i estudiosos.
ALS catalans els va fer treballadors i pacients.
ALS italians alegres i romàntics.
ALS francesos els va fer cultes i refinats.

I quan va arribar als espanyols, es va girar cap a l'àngel que prenia nota i
li va dir:

- "Els espanyols seran intel·ligents, bones persones i del Partit Popular"

Quan va acabar de crear el món, l'àngel li va dir a Déu:
- "Senyor, vas donar a tots els pobles dues virtuts i als espanyols
tres. Això farà que tinguin privilegis sobre tots els altres".

"Doncs és veritat. Bé... com que les virtuts divines no es poden treure, i
com que els espanyols en tenen tres, no podran tenir més de dues virtuts al mateix temps".

La cosa queda en què:

- L'espanyol que és del Partit Popular i bona persona, no pot ser intel·ligent.

- El que és intel·ligent i del Partit Popular, no pot ser bona persona.

- I el que és intel·ligent i bona persona, no pot ser del Partit Popular.



That's so good ;D Where did you pick it up from? I'll copy and send it to my Catalan friends :) It is true :D

pa-integral

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-18, 15:28

davisma1984 wrote:Hi! I would like to join the course. I'm new here. I just registered today. I only speak English fluently. I have an advanced basic knowledge of French (does that make sense?).



Hiya! I'm glad you join this course :) As you know French, Catalan will be easier for you. I hope you dont' have any problem if I write the Course in English, have you?

Have fun!

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Exercise 1

Postby Fenek » 2003-01-18, 15:46

pa-integral wrote:
EXERCISE 1: Try to put an article and make the plural of the following words: finestra (window), porta (door), noia (girl), vida (life), bossa (bag), escola (school), organització (organisation), roda (wheel), bicicleta (bicycle), dona (woman), lluna (moon), unió (union), cadira (chair), mare (mother), taula (desk/table), poma (apple), estrella (star), habitació (room).



la finestra - les finestres
la porta - les portes
una noia - unes noies
una vida - unes vides
una bossa - unes bosses
l'escola - les escoles
l'organització - les organitzacions
la roda - les rodes
una bicileta - unes bicicletes
una dona - unes dones
la lluna - les llunes
una unió - unes unions
una cadira - unes cadires
la mare - les mares
una taula - unes taules
una poma - unes pomes
l'estrella - les estrelles
l'habitació - les habitacions


pa-integral

Very well!

Postby pa-integral » 2003-01-18, 15:58

Fenek wrote:
pa-integral wrote:
[color=olive]
la finestra - les finestres
la porta - les portes
una noia - unes noies
una vida - unes vides
una bossa - unes bosses
l'escola - les escoles
l'organització - les organitzacions
la roda - les rodes
una bicileta - unes bicicletes
una dona - unes dones
la lluna - les llunes
una unió - unes unions
una cadira - unes cadires
la mare - les mares
una taula - unes taules
una poma - unes pomes
l'estrella - les estrelles
l'habitació - les habitacions



That's all correct! Fine :) Now try to do the exercice 2. I'll try to post another lesson soon. Have you found lesson 1 and 2 easy?

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Exercise 2

Postby Fenek » 2003-01-18, 16:05

pa-integral wrote:
EXERCISE 2: Write the plural of the following words with any article you want. Genre is indicated in brackets:



Coixí (M) - Pillow - Els coixins
Llit (M) - Bed - Els llits
Cara (F) - Face - Les cares
Botó (M) - Button - Els botons
Dit (M) - Finger - Els dits
Llet (F) - Milk - Les llets
Ordinador (M) - Computer - Els ordinadors
Llum (F) - Light - Les llums
Blanc (M) - White (adj.) - Els blancs
Blanca (F) - White (adj.) - Les blanques
Cel (M) - Sky - Els cels
Vaca (F) - Cow - Les vaques
Paraigua (M) - Umbrella - Els paraigües
Platja (F) - Beach - Les platges
Carrer (M) - Street - Els carrers
Ciutat (F) - City - Les ciutats
Arròs (M) - Rice - Els arrossos
Mar (M) - Sea - Els mars
Oceà (M) - Ocean - Els oceans
País (M) - Country - Els països
Noi (M) - Boy - Els nois
Noia (F) - Girl - Les noies
Home (M) - Man - Els homes
Vestit (M) - Dress - Els vestits
Negre (M) - Black (adj.) - Els negres
Negra (F) - Black (adj.) - Les negres
Concentració (F) - Concentration - Les concentracions
Francès (M) - French (adj.) - Els francèsos
Francesa (F) - French (adj.) - Les franceses


I had problems with words ending in -s, so I just looked for them in a dictionary.


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