Priscian wrote:Thank you for the dynamite information about Jamtlandic.
As for the Jamtlandic normalization based on an etymological premise, I am interested! I think that this is the correct approach for a language asserting its legitimacy. There are numerous examples of this methodology at work, e.g. Cornish (Jenner), Faroese (Hammershaimb), Hebrew (Ben Yehuda), etc. However, the obstacle lies in convincing enough speakers or users of the given language that this approach allows the language to show and maintain a continuance.
Priscian wrote:It is pii mai lao here in Laos, but I will write a lot more, i.e. inquiries about Jamtlandic phonology and morphology.
Frågor
Jag håller med på att de skandinaviska språken är mer logiskt delade i syd och nord, i stället för öst och väst. Men med en sådan katagori (dvs. syd – nord), ställer det inte också gotiskan inom den skandinaviska (nordgermaniska) språkfamiljen?
Priscian wrote:Ivar Aasen varför tog han inte in mer av formläran som då (och nu?) fanns bland de norska folkmålen, som han studerade? Skapade han en kompromiss mellan bokmål och dialekterna i västra Norge?
Priscian wrote:Färöiska är ett otroligt språk om inser hur få innevånare själva ögruppen har, men hur nyanserad och rik litteraturen är. Men även här tog inte Hammershaimb mer ifrån vissa ömål än andra?
Priscian wrote:Älvdalska är ett självständigt språk inom de skandinaviska språken som utvecklades i en annan rikning än svenska och norska för orsaker som kanske hadde med målets isolering och socio-ekonomi? Med sådan avancerad ställing har inte språket splittrad möjligheten av ett enigt dalska? Kommer Dalarna bli som det retoromaniska ”sprachgebiet” med fyra varianter?
Priscian wrote:Normalizing the orthography and grammar based on etymological grounds for Jamtlandic is sound for many reasons. One of the primary ones is that it removes the shadow of diglossia, which dialect writing (dialektlitteratur) so often does by approximating the language or dialect of the dominant language, in this case Swedish or Norwegian.
Priscian wrote:One persistent myth about Jamtlandic is that it is either dialect of Swedish or Norwegian depending on one’s political orientation. Jamtlandic should be seen as a language existing parallel with Swedish and Norwegian, but currently existing within larger Swedish-speaking society. However, this is for the Jamtlandic speakers and writers to formulate; it would be highly inappropriate for outsiders (especially for me) to pontificate for them how to see and use their language.
Priscian wrote:An exemplar of etymological approach that is interesting to study in lieu with Jamtlandic is Hugh MacDiarmid’s Scots (“Synthetic Scots”), where he drew (un-)wisely from all periods of Scots, but especially Dunbar. Was (is) Scots a success? This is relative to its users; but, since there is a substantial amount of writing (belles letters) in Scots, it has to be viewed as a spectacular success. Viewing Jamtlandic, given the small number, looking at their creative efforts, one has to come to the conclusion they are achieving their objective, i.e. Jamtlandic as a status language. There are currently attempts to translate the Bible into Jamtlandic. This effort alone for many languages creates in the users (writers and readers) a certain legitimization of the language. The translation of the Bible probably saved several smaller European languages from passing into extinction (cf. Scottish Gaelic and Welsh). Sadly the full translation of the Bible, in this case New Testament, in Scots is surprisingly late (Lorimar). Dalecarlian also has this aim, i.e. rendering the Bible in the language.
Priscian wrote:It is interesting to note that only two of the regional languages within Sweden, Jamtlandic and Älv-Dalecarlian, are setting language paradigms for the development as whole languages, e.g. by establishing or attempting normalization their orthographies and setting ‘standard’ morphologies. Gutnish (Gotland) and Scanian have not reached or attempted to do the same as Dalska or Jamska have. Apparently there are similar developments in Norway among some the regional languages, but I do not at what level they are. It is safe to say that Ivar Aasen had this in mind when he envisioned a language separate from the written Danish of his day and the school grammar.
Priscian wrote:There are certain advantages that the Jamtlandic language speaker and writer have, i.e. the language is still spoken and essentially intact. The speech community is in a part of the country that either due to economics and / or neglect has been left outside of larger society, which has worked in the language’s advantage.
Priscian wrote:Hunef’s efforts to set parameters of the language by viewing Jamska not as a colorful local variety of Swedish, but a full-fledged language, is accurate. His attempts to use historical and etymological materials to structure a standard are correct (personal opinion). This effort to set orthography on etymological basis and diachronic morphology is Herculean, but possible.
Priscian wrote:I like Hunef’s post on the delineation of Scandinavian languages and his answers on the particulars pertaining to Dalska, Faeroese, and Nynorsk.
Det skulle vara jätte bra om jag (vi) kunde granska text i den normaliserade ortografin och få se jamska formläran. Varje gång du skriver, skriv en del på jamska för oss nybörjare.
Hunef wrote:Så, varför inte lista de jämtska starka verben (i ortografisk och grammatisk normering) som en början? (Jag tar en typ i taget, totalt sju stycken.)
Typ 1: Rotvokalen ändras enligt í--ei-u--i (inf/pres--imp sg-imp pl--sup).
Exempel: til bít' [tʰɪ biːit] 'to bite'.
Infinitiv:
bít' [biːit]
(Jeg skal bít' beinið 'I will bite the bone')
Presens indikativ:
sing: bít [biːt]
plur: bít' [biːit]
(Með bít' kjotið 'We bite the meat')
Presens konjunktiv:
sing: bít' [biːit]
plur: bít' [biːit]
(Húnninn bít' deg! 'May the dog bite you!')
Imperfekt indikativ:
sing: beit [beɪːt]
plur: butu [bɵtʰɵ]
(Deð butu húskugt mykið tennrum 'You bite your teeth very much')
Imperfekt konjunktiv:
sing: biti [bɪtʰɪ]
plur: butu [bɵtʰɵ]
(Biti hú streikinn... 'If she would bite the boy...')
Supinum:
bitið [bɪtʰɪ]
(Goupų hev bitið elginn 'The lynx has bitten the elk/moose')
Imperativ: Bít! [biːt] (sg. 2:a), Bítum! [biːtʊm] (pl. 1:a), Bítin! [biːtan] (pl. 2:a).
(Bítin, fulk! 'Bite, people!')
Priscian wrote:1st conjungation strong verb of Jamtlandic compares very closely to Old Norse, e.g.
Infinitive
bit' (bita)
Present (3rd person singular)
bít (bítr)
Imperfect (3rd person singular)
beit (beit)
Imperfect (3rd person plural)
butu (bitu)
Priscian wrote:Mulder321 wrote:at bíta - bítur - beit - bitu - (hevur bitið)
Nice!
Priscian wrote:Hunef,
these posts are outstanding! I will compile them into a Jamtlandic 'grammar' (i.e. Hunef's Jamska). I am interested in your magnum opus when it gets published (Neo-Jamtlandic).
Priscian wrote:Re: Wikipedia entry (Jamtlandic)
Again, I like this article! However, for some reason, I am unable to get the phonetic symbols to show. How do I do that?
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